This can be a silly question as I do not know much about this topic at all... It seems that user applications can talk directly to GPU to render an image, for example using OpenGL, through mesa and libdrm, where the libdrm is a wrapper around various ioctl() calls, as illustrated in this graph. Does it mean that for every new frame of a 3D game, the game application needs to call the ioctl() once (or maybe even twice if KMS needs to be reached)? That sounds like a lot of user-kernel space barrier crossing (thinking about a 120 fps game).
libdrm is an user space wrapper to perform fine grained access of the underlying KMS driver features like modesetting, checking if plane being used is an overlay plane or primary plane etc. libdrm implementations are generally different for various CPU/GPU/OS combinations, as the h/w driver running in kernel tend to support different set of functionalities apart from the standard ones. The standard way of working with libdrm is to open a drm device available in /dev/ node and perform libdrm function calls using the fd returned from open().
More often than not, the display compositor software for a particular OS like X11, wayland, hardware-composer will need to be in control of the drm device, which means non privileged applications have no way of being DRM master. Most of the libdrm mode setting functionalities do not work if the application trying to use them are not the DRM master. Recommended practice instead of using libdrm directly, is to use a standard graphics library like openGL or VULKAN to prepare and render frames in your application.
The number of ioctls required to interact with the kernel DRM module is most likely not the biggest bottleneck you will face when trying to render high FPS applications. The preferred way to run high fps applications while cooperating with the display compositor of the target system is to have
