The following formula converts the characters to upper case and then calculates the number of all upper case letters.
tesT // A1
=LEN(SUBSTITUTE(UPPER(A1);"";"")) // A2: 4 instead of 1
The UPPER function converts lower case to upper case, so it won't work this way. Sadly, i fear there's no solution for Apache OpenOffice. However, you could do this with LibreOffice Calc, using the REGEX function:
=LEN(REGEX(A1;"[a-z0-9]";"";"g"))
removes all lower-case characters and numbers, assuming there are no other text content (special characters or something like that). However, a bullet-proof solution would require writing a custom function.