Not sure if this is possible in other mobile browsers, but it is possible to open the devtools inside the Edge browser app in you phone?
I have this UI issue that that I can see on my phone and so far I haven't been able to reproduce it on Edge desktop or any other desktop browser for that matter; not even if I match the screen size using the dekstop devtools.
I need Edge mobile devtools specifically because the website is internal and only accessible through Edge.
Devtools are not available for Edge mobile.
If you want to debug the Edge mobile app, you can use Device Mode to simulate mobile devices in your desktop Edge Chromium browser. For the detailed steps, you can refer to this article.
If you're using Android devices, you can even use remote debugging. It can remote debug live content on an Android device from your Windows or macOS computer. You can refer to this article for more information.