Sort MongoDB query by additional keyword

I am building a REST Api on Flask + MongoDB for a HR website. I need to filter search results by programming language, experience, city etc.

I also have a filter 'framework'. But I also need to implement an additional framework filter which is "nice to have, but not necessary" I just need to sort the items order including the additional framework.

The framework itself is listed in the 'about' field as a string, so I am using a regex to find it.

For example, I am looking for a Python developer who must have a Flask knowledge, but it is nice to know React too. So I need to have a search result like this:

Dev A: Python, Flask, React
Dev B: Python, Flask, React
Def C: Python, Flask

The problem is that this second framework is not mandatory, when the first is so I can't query with '$or' or '$in'. The only option I see is that I query for the first framework and then sort it by presence of the second framework.

Is there a way to implement it in MongoDB?

Solution

OK, so after doing some research I was able to find a solution:

def _filter_by_additional_framework(collection, query):
    results = collection.aggregate([
        {'$limit': 1},
        {'$lookup':
            {
                'from': 'profiles',
                'pipeline': [
                    {'$match': {
                        '$text': {
                            '$search': f"\"{query['framework']}\" \"{query['framework2']}\""}}
                    },
                    {'$sort': {'Rating': DESCENDING}}
                ], 'as': 'col1'}},
        {'$lookup':
            {
                'from': 'profiles',
                'pipeline': [
                    {'$match': {
                        '$text': {
                            '$search': f"\"{query['framework']}\" -\"{query['framework2']}\""}}
                    },
                    {'$sort': {'Rating': DESCENDING}}
                ], 'as': 'col2'}},
        {'$project': {'union': {'$concatArrays': ["$col1", "$col2"]}}},
        {'$unwind': '$union'},
        {'$replaceRoot': {'newRoot': '$union'}},
        {'$project': search_result_order()},
    ], collation=Collation(locale="en_US", numericOrdering=True))

    return results

It performs 2 lookups by the same field in a collection (first one looking for say Flask AND React ('"Flask" "React"') and the second one Flask AND NOT React ('"Flask" -"React"'). I also had to add text indexes to some fields to perform a text lookup.

Also, you may notice that there is a $sort expression in each pipeline. This is for additional sort (Rating in my case). And the second argument (collation) in aggregate is for sorting a string field by integer. So as a result you can sort every query as you would like to separately or you can move your sort expression out of the pipeline and sort the whole query combined.