There are many kernel *.bb in
~/poky/meta/recipes-kernel/linux
I don't have PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/kernel defined in local.conf
I also include meta-intel layer, I think meta-intel has it's kernel recipe also.
After built the yocto image, boot, and login, type 'uname -a' result is
Linux genericx86-64 5.4.20-yocto-standard xxxxx
I think yocto select it's poky kernel, but I can't find where this default setting located. ( which file setting this kernel )
Usually you can find it in the machine conf in :
meta-yourmeta/conf/machine/yourmachine.conf
The list of supported kernels by your machine is in recipes-kernel of your BSP.