fun intersperse :: " 'a list ⇒ 'a ⇒ 'a list" where
"intersperse (x#y#xs) a = x#(a#(intersperse (y#xs) a))"|
"intersperse xs _ = xs"
lemma target:"map f (intersperse xs a) = intersperse (map f xs) (f a)"
The lemma seems very intuitive, but I can't get Isabelle to prove the lemma. I tried induction on xs
, but the sledgehammer still can't find a proof. Then I tried adding auxiliary lemmas, all of them are easy to prove but don't help much proving target
. I will list my attempts below though:
lemma intersp_1: "interspserse (xs@[y,x]) a = (intersperse (xs@[y]) a) @ [a,x]"
...done
lemma intersp_2:"map f (intersperse (xs@[b,x]) a) = (map f (intersperse (xs@[b]) a)) @ [(f a),(f x)]"
...done
lemma intersp_3: "map f (intersperse (x#y#xs) a) = (f x)#(f a)#(map f (intersperse (y#xs) a))"
...done
As a new learner of Isabelle I'm kind of stuck here. The only solution that I can currently think of is to come up with an appropriate lemma that provides enough hint to the solver. However I don't know how to "appropriately" dispart the induction step of target
(after applying induction on xs) into a supplementary lemma. The induction step is
goal (1 subgoal):
1. ⋀aa xs.
map f (intersperse xs a) = intersperse (map f xs) (f a) ⟹
map f (intersperse (aa # xs) a) = intersperse (map f (aa # xs)) (f a)
Any help is appreciated!
Here's a proof:
lemma target: "map f (intersperse xs a) = intersperse (map f xs) (f a)"
proof (induct xs)
case Nil
then show ?case by simp
next
case (Cons x xs)
consider "xs = []" | "∃y ys. xs = y # ys" by (meson list.exhaust)
then show ?case using Cons by (cases; auto)
qed
The key here is that intersperse (x # []) a
and intersperse (x # y # ys) a
match different patterns, so by considering each case separately sledgehammer can easily find a proof.