How to inject specific interface implementation using DI in ASP NET Core

Question

I have the following problem. I have an interface that is implemented by 2 classes. One of these classes does the real work while the other uses the first one mentioned. How can I tell the framework to use a specific implementation of an interface when instantiating a type of object? I want the controller to get the facade implementation and not the real one:

public interface IDependency
{
   void Method();
}

public class Real : IDependency
{
   public void Method()
   {
   }
}

public class Facade : IDependency
{
   private IDependency dependency;
   Facade(IDependency dependency)  //I want a Real here
   {
     this.dependency=dependency;
   }
   public void Method()=>dependency.Method();
}


public MyController : Controller
{
   private IDependency dependency;
   MyController(IDependency dependency)   //I want the `Facade` here not the `Real`
   {
      this.dependency=dependency;
   }
   
   [HttpGet]
   [Route("[some route]")]
   public async Task CallMethod()
   {
      await this.dependency.Method();
   }

}

As you can see in the above example, I need a Real type of IDependency injected inside my Facade one, while I need a Facade type of IDependency injected in my MyController. How could that be done?

Answer 1

Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection doesn't have any means to do this. All you can do is inject all implementations, i.e. via List<IDependency>. Then, you can implement whatever manual logic you'd like to pick and choose from the available options there.

If you have any control over these classes, it would be better to simply implement a different interface, to distinguish the two. For example, you could create an IFacadeDependency interface that inherits from IDependency, and then have your Facade class implement that instead. Then, you can inject IFacadeDependency and get exactly what you want.