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pythonpython-3.7palindromedna-sequence

Find longest palindrome substring of a piece of DNA


I have to make a function that prints the longest palindrome substring of a piece of DNA. I already wrote a function that checks whether a piece of DNA is a palindrome itself. See the function below.

def make_complement_strand(DNA):
    complement=[]
    rules_for_complement={"A":"T","T":"A","C":"G","G":"C"}
    for letter in DNA:
        complement.append(rules_for_complement[letter])
    return(complement)

def is_this_a_palindrome(DNA): 
        DNA=list(DNA)
        if DNA!=(make_complement_strand(DNA)[::-1]):     
            print("false")                  
            return False
        else:                             
            print("true")
            return True

is_this_a_palindrome("GGGCCC") 

But now: how to make a function printing the longest palindrome substring of a DNA string?

The meaning of palindrome in the context of genetics is slightly different from the definition used for words and sentences. Since a double helix is formed by two paired strands of nucleotides that run in opposite directions in the 5’- to-3’ sense, and the nucleotides always pair in the same way (Adenine (A) with Thymine (T) for DNA, with Uracil (U) for RNA; Cytosine (C) with Guanine (G)), a (single-stranded) nucleotide sequence is said to be a palindrome if it is equal to its reverse complement. For example, the DNA sequence ACCTAGGT is palindromic because its nucleotide-by-nucleotide complement is TGGATCCA, and reversing the order of the nucleotides in the complement gives the original sequence.


Solution

  • Here, this should be decent starting point for getting longest palindrome substring.

    def make_complement_strand(DNA):
        complement=[]
        rules_for_complement={"A":"T","T":"A","C":"G","G":"C"}
        for letter in DNA:
            complement.append(rules_for_complement[letter])
        return(complement)
    
    def is_this_a_palindrome(DNA): 
            DNA=list(DNA)
            if DNA!=(make_complement_strand(DNA)[::-1]):     
                #print("false")                  
                return False
            else:                             
                #print("true")
                return True
    
    
    def longest_palindrome_ss(org_dna, palindrone_func):
        '''
        Naive implementation-
    
        We start with 2 pointers.
        i starts at start of current subsqeunce and j starts from i+1 to end
        increment i with every loop
    
        Uses palindrome function provided by user
    
        Further improvements- 
        1. Start with longest sequence instead of starting with smallest. i.e. start with i=0 and j=final_i and decrement.
        '''
        longest_palin=""
        i=j=0
        last_i=len(org_dna)
        while i < last_i:
            j=i+1
            while j < last_i:
                current_subsequence = org_dna[i:j+1]
                if palindrone_func(current_subsequence):
                    if len(current_subsequence)>len(longest_palin):
                        longest_palin=current_subsequence
                j+=1
            i+=1
        print(org_dna, longest_palin)
        return longest_palin
    
    
    longest_palindrome_ss("GGGCCC", is_this_a_palindrome)
    longest_palindrome_ss("GAGCTT", is_this_a_palindrome)
    longest_palindrome_ss("GGAATTCGA", is_this_a_palindrome)
    

    Here are some executions -

    mahorir@mahorir-Vostro-3446:~/Desktop$ python3 dna_paln.py 
    GGGCCC GGGCCC
    GAGCTT AGCT
    GGAATTCGA GAATTC