When I call str()
on an object that has an overloaded __getattribute__
method it doesn't seem to use it and instead calls __str__
directly. Is there some other functionality I should be modifying or way to get it to use __getattribute__
? If I overload __str__
directly it behaves as expected, but that isn't ideal for my needs.
class A(object):
def __getattribute__(self, attr):
if attr == "__str__":
return lambda: "Hello"
return object.__getattribute__(self, attr)
x = A()
print(x)
print(str(x))
print(x.__str__())
Output:
<main.A object at 0x000001FDF7AEA760>
<main.A object at 0x000001FDF7AEA760>
Hello
Expected Output:
Hello
Hello
Hello
Yes, this is documented behavior:
This method may still be bypassed when looking up special methods as the result of implicit invocation via language syntax or built-in functions.
And here:
For custom classes, implicit invocations of special methods are only guaranteed to work correctly if defined on an object’s type, not in the object’s instance dictionary
...
In addition to bypassing any instance attributes in the interest of correctness, implicit special method lookup generally also bypasses the
__getattribute__()
method even of the object’s metaclass......
As to why:
Bypassing the
__getattribute__()
machinery in this fashion provides significant scope for speed optimisations within the interpreter, at the cost of some flexibility in the handling of special methods (the special method must be set on the class object itself in order to be consistently invoked by the interpreter).