Can I change the path of my keystore folder on my computer, or will that affect my ability to further update my app on the play store?
The path to the keystore it is not relevat. What's important is the keystore (.jks) file along with it´s credentials.
If you forgot your credentials or you've lost your keystore, maybe there´s a chance you can upload a new signing keystore to Google.
According to App Singnig by Google Play, those are the steps needed (copy-paste from mentioned site):
For increased security, signing your app with a new upload key, instead of your app signing key, is recommended.
You can create an upload key when you opt in to app signing by Google Play, or you can create an upload key later by visiting Release management > App signing.
Here’s how to create an upload key:
1- Follow the instructions on the Android Developers site. Store your key in a safe place.
2- Export the certificate for the upload key to PEM format. Replace the following underlined arguments:
$ keytool -export -rfc -keystore upload-keystore.jks -alias upload -file upload_certificate.pem
3- When prompted during the release process, upload the certificate to register it with Google.
When you use an upload key: