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haskellaeson

Parsing nested arrays in Aeson


Im struggling to parse the below JSON using the Aeson library.
Im only interested in getting file1 but I cant seem to manage it.
Does anyone have suggestions?

The JSON

{"files":[["file1.wav",["file2.jpg","file3.jpg"]]]}

My code

data File = File Text deriving (Show, Generic, ToJSON)

instance FromJSON File where
  parseJSON jsn = do
    arrays <- parseJSON jsn
    let x = arrays !! 0 !! 0
    return $ File x

Error message

"Error in $.files[0][1]: parsing Text failed, expected String, but encountered Array"

Solution

  • The problem is using parseJSON to parse jsn into a homogeneous list. But "file1.wav" is a string and ["file2.jpg", "file3.jpg"] is not a string.

    A simple solution is to directly pattern-match on json, which is a Value which can contain a heterogeneous Array (in spite of its name, it's actually a synonym for a Vector from the vector library).

    {-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}
    import Data.Aeson
    import qualified Data.Vector as V
    import Data.Text (Text)
    
    newtype File = File Text deriving Show
    
    instance FromJSON File where
      parseJSON json = do
        Array arr <- pure json
        Just (Array arr0) <- pure (arr V.!? 0)
        Just (String txt) <- pure (arr0 V.!? 0)
        pure (File txt)
    
    main :: IO ()
    main = print (decode' "[[\"file1\", [\"file2\", \"file3\"]]]" :: Maybe File)
    

    ((!?) is a safe indexing operator.)