I have a Python 3 program which calls a C function. The C function returns an integer: 0 upon success, or the appropriate errno upon failure. Upon failure, the Python code could simply raise OSError. But I'd rather it raise the appropriate subclass of OSError.
For example, if the Python program gets the return code of 2, it should raise FileNotFoundError, a subclass of OSError. I can already find the correct subclass by doing the following three steps. Obviously, performance is not an issue because I need to do these steps only once per version of Python 3 for all values of errno, and cache the results.
OSError. This is easy using __subclass__, recursively if necessary.errno values to names. For example, if errno is 2, that should map to ENOENT. This is done by parsing the appropriate C include file. On FreeBSD, for example, that file would be /usr/include/errno.h.errno names to OSError subclasses. This can be done by parsing the HTML code in, for example, http://docs.python.org/release/3.8.2/library/exceptions.htmlBut step 3 is really, really hokey. Is there a way I can do that step without parsing the documentation? Is there something I can inspect somehow in the Python that's sitting on my local host?
When you look at the documentation I believe that this translation is done automatically. if you for example call:
raise OSError(2, 'this went wrong') # here the 2 corresponds to the error given by C
# raises -> FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] this went wrong
For the exact mapping used here go to the page you reference and look at the OS exceptions section.