I'm trying to write a c++11 wrapper around a C API, and basically there is a way to register notifications with a static function pointer, which also passes me back an "opaque" pointer, which are provided at a later point, basically a pointer to classes I create, in this example the class foo. Basically, I'm trying to create a static function `helper<..>::call that has the API's signature, but generates code to call my member function on the instance that the c++ wrapper created, and is passed in through an "opaque" pointer along with it. This static function then also converts the arguments when finally calling the member function.
I seem to have this almost working, but I'm having trouble creating a "nicer" public function register_handler in this example, which hides the "uglier" internals. This is the error I'm getting:
test.cpp:154:37: error: no matching function for call to ‘register_handler<&foo::bar>(const char [6])’
154 | register_handler<&foo::bar>("test2"); // <-- trying to wrap it into a function so I can use only one template argument
| ^
test.cpp:137:6: note: candidate: ‘template<class T, class R, class ... Args, R (T::* Func)(Args ...)> void register_handler(const char*)’
137 | void register_handler(const char* name)
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
This is my test code:
#include <iostream>
#include <memory>
#include <vector>
#include <map>
#include <cassert>
// inspired by https://stackoverflow.com/a/7943765/2129246
template <typename T>
struct func_traits:
public func_traits<decltype(&T::operator())>
{
};
template <typename R, typename... Args>
struct func_traits<R(*)(Args...)>
{
enum { arity = sizeof...(Args) };
typedef R result_type;
using all_args = std::tuple<Args...>;
template <size_t i>
struct arg
{
typedef typename std::tuple_element<i, std::tuple<Args...>>::type type;
};
};
template <typename C, typename R, typename... Args>
struct func_traits<R(C::*)(Args...) const>
{
enum { arity = sizeof...(Args) };
typedef C class_type;
typedef R result_type;
using all_args = std::tuple<Args...>;
template <size_t i>
struct arg
{
typedef typename std::tuple_element<i, std::tuple<Args...>>::type type;
};
};
template< std::size_t... Ns >
struct indices {
typedef indices< Ns..., sizeof...( Ns ) > next;
};
template< std::size_t N >
struct make_indices {
typedef typename make_indices< N - 1 >::type::next type;
};
template<>
struct make_indices< 0 > {
typedef indices<> type;
};
struct value
{
std::string str_;
template <typename T>
value(T val):
str_(std::to_string(val))
{
}
value(const char* str):
str_(str)
{
}
value(const std::string& str):
str_(str)
{
}
operator int() const
{
return std::stoi(str_);
}
operator double() const
{
return std::stof(str_);
}
operator std::string() const
{
return str_;
}
};
std::map<std::string, void(*)(void*, const std::vector<value>&)> g_handlers;
template <typename T, T>
struct helper;
template <typename T, typename R, typename... Args, R(T::*Func)(Args...)>
struct helper<R(T::*)(Args...), Func>
{
template <size_t... Is>
static void expand(T* obj, const std::vector<value>& args, indices<Is...>)
{
assert(sizeof...(Is) <= args.size());
(obj->*Func)((args[Is])...);
}
static void call(void *p, const std::vector<value>& args)
{
T* obj = reinterpret_cast<T*>(p);
expand(obj, args, typename make_indices<sizeof...(Args)>::type());
}
static void reg_handler(const char* name)
{
g_handlers.insert(std::make_pair(name, call));
};
};
template <typename Obj>
void call_handler(Obj& obj, const char* name, const std::vector<value>& args)
{
auto it = g_handlers.find(name);
if (it != g_handlers.end())
it->second(reinterpret_cast<void*>(&obj), args);
else
std::cout << "handler not registered: " << name << std::endl;
}
// The code below somehow doesn't ever match this template
template <typename T, typename R, typename... Args, R(T::*Func)(Args...)>
void register_handler(const char* name)
{
helper<R(T::*)(Args...), Func>::reg_handler(name);
}
struct foo
{
void bar(int v, const std::string& str, double f)
{
std::cout << "bar: v=" << v << " str=" << str << " f=" << f << std::endl;
};
};
int main()
{
// register member function handlers before we have any instances
helper<decltype(&foo::bar), &foo::bar>::reg_handler("test"); // <-- works, but "ugly" and exposes internal implementation
register_handler<&foo::bar>("test2"); // <-- trying to wrap it into a function so I can use only one template argument
// now we have an instance
foo f;
// call the previously registered handler
call_handler(f, "test", {1, "2", 3.45});
call_handler(f, "test2", {1, "2", 3.45});
return 0;
}
The simple answer for C++11 is: You can't!
From C++17 you are able to use auto also for non type template parameters as a function pointer or member function pointer is not a type here and you have no syntax to describe your function pointer type.
In C++17 you can use it like this:
struct foo
{
void bar(){}
};
template <typename T, T>
struct helper;
template <typename T, typename R, typename... Args, R(T::*Func)(Args...)>
struct helper<R(T::*)(Args...), Func>
{
static void reg_handler(const char* name)
{
// ... here your code continues
}
};
template < auto T >
struct X
{
};
template <typename T, typename R, typename... Args, R(T::*Func)(Args...)>
struct X<Func>
{
static void register_handler( const char* name )
{
helper<R(T::*)(Args...), Func>::reg_handler(name);
}
};
int main()
{
X<&foo::bar>::register_handler("check");
}