By customizing the idea from here we get
x = -10:10;
y = (rand(1,21)-0.5)*20;
figure
plot(x, y, 'pg')
NE = [max(xlim) max(ylim)]-[diff(xlim) diff(ylim)]*0.05;
SW = [min(xlim) min(ylim)]+[diff(xlim) diff(ylim)]*0.05;
NW = [min(xlim) max(ylim)]+[diff(xlim) -diff(ylim)]*0.05;
SE = [max(xlim) min(ylim)]+[-diff(xlim) diff(ylim)]*0.05;
%% Top
text(NE(1), NE(2), 'Top Right', 'VerticalAlignment','top','HorizontalAlignment',...
'right', 'FontSize',20, 'color', 'red')
text(NE(1)/2 + NW(1)/2, NE(2)/2 + NW(2)/2, 'Top Center', 'VerticalAlignment',...
'top', 'HorizontalAlignment','center', 'FontSize',20, 'color', 'red')
text(NW(1), NW(2), 'Top Left', 'VerticalAlignment','top', 'HorizontalAlignment',...
'left', 'FontSize',20, 'color', 'red')
%% Bottom
text(SW(1), SW(2), 'Bottom Left', 'VerticalAlignment','bottom', 'HorizontalAlignment',...
'left', 'FontSize',20, 'color', 'blue')
text(SW(1)/2 + SE(1)/2, SW(2)/2 + SE(2)/2, 'Bottom Center', 'VerticalAlignment',...
'bottom', 'HorizontalAlignment','center', 'FontSize',20, 'color', 'blue')
text(SE(1), SE(2), 'Bottom Right', 'VerticalAlignment','bottom', 'HorizontalAlignment',...
'right', 'FontSize',20, 'color', 'blue')
%% Middle
text(NW(1)/2 + SW(1)/2,NW(2)/2 + SW(2)/2, 'Middle Left', 'VerticalAlignment',...
'top', 'HorizontalAlignment','left', 'FontSize',20)
text(NE(1)/2 + SE(1)/2,NE(2)/2 + SE(2)/2, 'Middle Right', 'VerticalAlignment',...
'top', 'HorizontalAlignment','right', 'FontSize',20)
text(NE(1)/2 + NW(1)/2 + SW(1)/2 + SE(1)/2,NE(2)/2 + NW(2)/2 + SW(2)/2 + SE(2)/2 , ...
'Middle Center', 'VerticalAlignment','top', 'HorizontalAlignment','center', 'FontSize',20)
set(gca,'FontSize',20)