How to write getatrribute so that variables in dict can be returned?

Question

I have a class, and there is a dict in it. I want to visit variables in the dict by direct "instance.key" instead of "instance.d[key]". How to do that?

class A:
    def __init__(self):
        self.a = 1
        self.b = 2
        self.fields = {'c': 3, 'd': 4}


def main():
    a = A()
    print(a.a) # 1
    print(a.b) # 2
    print(a.c) # currently raise Exception, I want it to print 3
    print(a.d) # currently raise Exception, I want it to print 4


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Answer 1

You are able to override object.__getattr__(self, name) method (such methods can be defined to customize the meaning of attribute access for class instances):

class A:
    def __init__(self):
        self.a = 1
        self.b = 2
        self.fields = {'c': 3, 'd': 4}

    def __getattr__(self, item):
        return self.__dict__.get(item) or self.__dict__['fields'].get(item)

a = A()
print(a.a) # 1
print(a.b) # 2
print(a.c) # 3
print(a.d) # 4

Referece link: __getattr__