When I go to the asyncio page, the first example is a hello world program. When I run it on python 3.73, I can't see any different from the normal one. can anyone tell me the difference and give a non-trivial example?
In [1]: import asyncio
...:
...: async def main():
...: print('Hello ...')
...: await asyncio.sleep(5)
...: print('... World!')
...:
...: # Python 3.7+
...: asyncio.run(main())
Hello ...
... World!
In [2]:
In [2]: import time
...:
...: def main():
...: print('Hello ...')
...: time.sleep(5)
...: print('... World!')
...:
...: # Python 3.7+
...: main()
Hello ...
... World!
I intentionally increase the time from 1s to 5s, hope to see something special but I didn't.
You aren't seeing anything special because there's nothing much asynchronous work in your code. However, the main difference is that time.sleep(5) is blocking, and asyncio.sleep(5) is non-blocking.
When time.sleep(5) is called, it will block the entire execution of the script and it will be put on hold, just frozen, doing nothing. But when you call await asyncio.sleep(5), it will ask the event loop to run something else while your await statement finishes its execution.
Here's an improved example.
import asyncio
async def hello():
print('Hello ...')
await asyncio.sleep(1)
print('... World!')
async def main():
await asyncio.gather(hello(), hello())
asyncio.run(main())
Will output:
~$ python3.7 async.py
Hello ...
Hello ...
... World!
... World!
You can see that await asyncio.sleep(1) is not blocking the execution of the script.
In contrast, replacing the line await asyncio.sleep(1) with time.sleep(1), the output will be
Hello ...
... World!
Hello ...
... World!
because time.sleep is blocking and the first call of hello() has to finish first before the second call of hello() starts running.