In slack is possible to use attachments to create buttons in a chat (https://api.slack.com/docs/message-buttons).
How can I click in the button and use the text button in chat? Don't use link or redirect, just use the button text in the chat.
As I understand you want to update your chat message after a user clicks the button.
Here is how this would work with Slack:
This is how this works with Slack and its the only approach. See also this answer on the same topic.