I am currently working on a program that is encrypting a text file. I made it in Turbo C++, using C language, but my main problem is that:
I need to run turboc++, in order for my .exe program to run. Does anybody here know a way to compile it and run it as stand-alone program?
TurboC++ is an obsolete compiler for an obsolete variant of C++ or of C. Use a recent compiler (such as GCC 8 or Clang 7; both are open source so freely available) for recent C11 or C++14 (or C++11) standards. Get rid of TurboC++ since it is obsolete (and is not a good compiler, compared to other existing ones).
If using GCC, you'll compile your C file foo.c using gcc -Wall -g -O foo.c -o foo. If using Clang, you'll compile with clang -Wall -g -O foo.c -o foo. Don't forget to enable all warnings and debug info. You'll get an executable foo which can be run without having the source code. That executable is specific to your operating system and to your instruction set architecture.
I need to run turboc++, in order for my .exe program to run.
With any good enough C or C++ compiler, you don't need the compiler to run the executable it is producing.
Don't confuse a compiler with the IDE or source code editor you'll use to write C or C++ source code. All C or C++ compilers I heard of are command line programs, that might be run from a terminal, an IDE, a good source code editor (such as emacs or vim).
If your source is in C++, that is bar.cc, use g++ -Wall -g -O bar.cc -o bar or clang++ -Wall -g -O bar.cc -o bar
Adapt these compilation commands (I'm giving those for Linux) to your operating system. On Windows, executables have a file path ending with .exe.
Of course, both GCC and Clang are able to compile and link a program made of several translation units. Learn to use some build automation tool, such as make or ninja. Such tools are driving compilation and linking commands.
If you are learning to program in C++, be aware that it is a very difficult programming language (you'll need years of efforts to master it). And notice that Linux is a very developer-friendly operating system, mostly made of free software whose source code you could study. That is why I recommend Linux for those learning C++ or C.
PS. If your teacher requires TurboC, I do recommend to have a polite discussion with him, suggesting to make your homework with GCC or Clang.