Multiple vertical shaded area

Question

I am plotting the proportion of deep sleep (y axis) vs days (x axis). I would like to add vertical shaded area for a better understanding (e.g. grey for week-ends, orange for sick period...).

I have tried using geom_ribbon (I created a variable taking the value of 30, with is the top of my y axis if the data is during the WE - information given in another column), but instead of getting rectangles, I get trapezes.

In another post, someone proposed the use of "geom_rect", or "annotate" if one's know the x and y coordinates, but I don't see how to adapt it in my case, when I want to have the colored area repeated to all week-end (it is not exactly every 7 days because some data are missing).

Do you have any idea ? Many thanks in advance !

  ggplot(Sleep.data, aes(x = DATEID)) +
  geom_line(aes(y = P.DEEP, group = 1), col = "deepskyblue3") + 
  geom_point(aes(y = P.DEEP, group = 1, col = Sign.deep)) +
  guides(col=FALSE) +
  geom_ribbon(aes(ymin = min, ymax = max.WE), fill = '#6495ED80') +
  facet_grid(MONTH~.) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 15, col = "forestgreen") +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 20, col = "forestgreen", linetype = "dashed") +
  geom_vline(xintercept = c(7,14,21,28), col = "grey") +
  scale_x_continuous(breaks=seq(0,28,7)) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks=seq(0,30,5)) +
  labs(x = "Days",y="Proportion of deep sleep stage", title = "Deep sleep") 

Proportion of deep sleep vs time

Head(Sleep.data)

> dput(head(Sleep.data))
structure(list(DATE = structure(c(1L, 4L, 7L, 10L, 13L, 16L), .Label = c("01-Dec-17", 
"01-Feb-18", "01-Jan-18", "02-Dec-17", "02-Feb-18", "02-Jan-18", 
"03-Dec-17", "03-Feb-18", "03-Jan-18", "04-Dec-17", "04-Feb-18", 
"04-Jan-18", "05-Dec-17", "05-Feb-18", "05-Jan-18", "06-Dec-17", 
"06-Feb-18", "06-Jan-18", "07-Dec-17", "07-Feb-18", "07-Jan-18", 
"08-Dec-17", "08-Jan-18", "09-Dec-17", "09-Feb-18", "09-Jan-18", 
"10-Dec-17", "10-Jan-18", "11-Dec-17", "11-Feb-18", "11-Jan-18", 
"12-Dec-17", "12-Jan-18", "13-Dec-17", "13-Feb-18", "13-Jan-18", 
"14-Dec-17", "14-Feb-18", "14-Jan-18", "15-Dec-17", "15-Jan-18", 
"16-Dec-17", "16-Jan-18", "17-Dec-17", "17-Jan-18", "18-Dec-17", 
"18-Jan-18", "19-Dec-17", "19-Jan-18", "20-Dec-17", "21-Dec-17", 
"21-Jan-18", "22-Dec-17", "22-Jan-18", "23-Dec-17", "23-Jan-18", 
"24-Dec-17", "24-Jan-18", "25-Dec-17", "25-Jan-18", "26-Dec-17", 
"26-Jan-18", "27-Dec-17", "27-Jan-18", "28-Dec-17", "28-Jan-18", 
"29-Dec-17", "29-Jan-18", "30-Dec-17", "30-Jan-18", "31-Dec-17", 
"31-Jan-18"), class = "factor"), DATEID = 1:6, MONTH = structure(c(1L, 
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), .Label = c("Decembre", "Janvier", "Février"
), class = "factor"), DURATION = c(8.08, 7.43, 6.85, 6.23, 7.27, 
6.62), D.DEEP = c(1.67, 1.37, 1.62, 1.75, 1.95, 0.9), P.DEEP = c(17L, 
17L, 21L, 24L, 25L, 12L), STIMS = c(0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 390L, 147L
), D.REM = c(1.7, 0.95, 0.95, 1.43, 1.47, 0.72), P.REM = c(17L, 
11L, 12L, 20L, 19L, 9L), D.LIGHT = c(4.7, 5.12, 4.27, 3.05, 3.83, 
4.98), P.LIGHT = c(49L, 63L, 55L, 43L, 49L, 66L), D.AWAKE = c(1.45, 
0.58, 0.47, 0.87, 0.37, 0.85), P.AWAKE = c(15L, 7L, 6L, 12L, 
4L, 11L), WAKE.UP = c(-2L, 0L, 2L, -1L, 3L, 1L), AGITATION = c(-1L, 
-3L, -1L, -2L, 2L, -1L), FRAGMENTATION = c(1L, -2L, 2L, 1L, 0L, 
-1L), PERIOD = structure(c(3L, 3L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L), .Label = c("HOLIDAYS", 
"SICK", "WE", "WORK"), class = "factor"), SPORT = structure(c(2L, 
1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 1L), .Label = c("", "Day", "Evening"), class = "factor"), 
    ACTIVITY = structure(c(6L, 1L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 1L), .Label = c("", 
    "Bkool", "eBike", "Gym", "Natation", "Run"), class = "factor"), 
    TABLETS = c(0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5), Ratio = c(1.15, 
    2.36, 3.45, 2.01, 5.27, 1.06), Sign = structure(c(2L, 2L, 
    2L, 2L, 2L, 2L), .Label = c("0", "1"), class = "factor"), 
    Sign.ratio = structure(c(2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L), .Label = c("0", 
    "1"), class = "factor"), Sign.deep = structure(c(2L, 2L, 
    2L, 2L, 2L, 1L), .Label = c("0", "1"), class = "factor"), 
    Sign.awake = structure(c(1L, 2L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 1L), .Label = c("0", 
    "1"), class = "factor"), Sign.light = structure(c(2L, 1L, 
    1L, 2L, 2L, 1L), .Label = c("0", "1"), class = "factor"), 
    index = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 1L), .Label = c("0", 
    "1"), class = "factor"), min = c(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0), max.WE = c(30, 
    30, 0, 0, 0, 0)), .Names = c("DATE", "DATEID", "MONTH", "DURATION", 
"D.DEEP", "P.DEEP", "STIMS", "D.REM", "P.REM", "D.LIGHT", "P.LIGHT", 
"D.AWAKE", "P.AWAKE", "WAKE.UP", "AGITATION", "FRAGMENTATION", 
"PERIOD", "SPORT", "ACTIVITY", "TABLETS", "Ratio", "Sign", "Sign.ratio", 
"Sign.deep", "Sign.awake", "Sign.light", "index", "min", "max.WE"
), row.names = c(NA, 6L), class = "data.frame")

Answer 1

Thanks for adding the data, that makes it easier to understand exactly what you're working with and to confirm that an answer actually addresses your question.

I thought it would be helpful to make a separate table with just the start and end of each contiguous set of rows with the same PERIOD. I did this using dplyr::case_when, assuming we should mark dates as a "start" if they are the first row in the table (row_number() == 1), or they have a different PERIOD value than the prior row. I mark dates as an "end" if they are the last row of the table, or have a different PERIOD than the next row. I only keep the starts and ends, and spread these into new columns called start and end.

library(tidyverse)    
Period_ranges <- Sleep.data %>%
  mutate(period_status = case_when(row_number() == 1      ~ "start",
                               PERIOD != lag(PERIOD)  ~ "start",
                               row_number() == n()    ~ "end",
                               PERIOD != lead(PERIOD) ~ "end",
                               TRUE ~ "other")) %>%
filter(period_status %in% c("start", "end")) %>%
select(DATEID, PERIOD, period_status) %>%
mutate(PERIOD_NUM = cumsum(PERIOD != lag(PERIOD) | row_number() == 1)) %>%
spread(period_status, DATEID)

# Output based on sample data only. If there's a problem with the full data, please add more. To share full data, use `dput(Sleep.data)` or to share 20 rows use `dput(head(Sleep.data, 20))`.
>Period_ranges
   PERIOD PERIOD_NUM end start
 1     WE          1   2     1
 2   WORK          2   6     3

We can now use that in the plot. If you want to toggle the inclusion or fiddle with the appearance separately of different PERIOD types, you could modify the code below with Period_ranges %>% filter(PERIOD == "WE"),

ggplot(Sleep.data, aes(x = DATEID)) +

  # Here I specify that this geom should use its own data.
  # I start the rectangles half a day before and end half a day after to fill the space.
  geom_rect(data = Period_ranges, inherit.aes = F,
            aes(xmin = start - 0.5, xmax = end + 0.5,
                ymin = 0, ymax = 30,
                fill = PERIOD), alpha = 0.5) +
  # Here we can specify the shading color for each type of PERIOD
  scale_fill_manual(values = c(
    "WE" = '#6495ED80',
    "WORK" = "gray60"
  )) +
  # rest of your code

Chart based on data sample: