In salt what is best practice in storing data is it pillar, grain, maps, mine, etc
There is no one rule fits for all. Here is how we use in our company.
If the data need to be stored at one place and not to be shared across minions we use Pillar. (pillar data is stored in-memory on Minion (never it touches disk))
If the data is not that sensitive we can use maps in the state.tls files (by this we save some memory on Minion)(not storing in minion).
If data need to be stored at one place and Minion can send commands to update, etc Grains could do that.
Mine we use when we want to access/share data across all minions.
Hope this helps
Regards Sudhakar