I am currently learning about microcontrollers and processors, and I have a couple questions about some distinctions between the two. As I understand, the MCU contains a processor that implements a processor architecture. For example, I am using a SAML22 Microcontroller that has a ARM Cortex M0 for its processor. So it would have the following:
Architecture - ARM
Processor - ARM Cortex M0
MCU - SAML22
Are the registers that I gather from the SAML22 data sheet related to the ARM Cortex M0? If so, how?
No, the microcontroller datasheet describes peripherals which are not part of the ARM core.
The SAML22 has a Cortex-M0+ core, which is described in ARM documents "Technical Reference Manual" (TRM, DDI0484) and the less detailed "Device Generic User Guide" (DGUG, DUI0662).