I recently upgraded from Wheezy to Stretch. Now MySQL (MariaDB) isn't starting due to an outdated kernel.
The output of uname -r is: 3.2.0-4-amd64
The list of installed kernels is:
# dpkg -l | grep linux-image
ii linux-image-2.6-amd64 3.2+46+deb7u2 amd64 Linux for 64-bit PCs (dummy package)
rc linux-image-2.6.32-5-amd64 2.6.32-48squeeze6 amd64 Linux 2.6.32 for 64-bit PCs
rc linux-image-3.16.0-6-amd64 3.16.57-2 amd64 Linux 3.16 for 64-bit PCs
ii linux-image-3.2.0-4-amd64 3.2.96-2 amd64 Linux 3.2 for 64-bit PCs
rc linux-image-3.2.0-5-amd64 3.2.96-3 amd64 Linux 3.2 for 64-bit PCs
rc linux-image-3.2.0-6-amd64 3.2.102-1 amd64 Linux 3.2 for 64-bit PCs
ii linux-image-4.9.0-8-amd64 4.9.110-3+deb9u4 amd64 Linux 4.9 for 64-bit PCs
ii linux-image-amd64 4.9+80+deb9u6 amd64 Linux for 64-bit PCs (meta-package)
When I try to install it, I get that:
# apt install linux-image-4.9.0-8-amd64
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
linux-image-4.9.0-8-amd64 is already the newest version (4.9.110-3+deb9u4).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
What do I have to do to force the kernel update?
The problem was an outdated boot menu. The new kernel was not there.
After installing grub2 with apt install grub2, I could use update-grub.
In the file /etc/default/grub the GRUB_DEFAULT was set to 0, so the first item in the boot menu is used.
The boot menu was updated and the new kernel was on top.
After reboot the new kernel was used.