Stacked Bar Plot ggplot2

Question

I know this gets asked a lot, but I'm having trouble making a 100% stacked bar plot in R. I know there are tons of pages out there explaining how, but nothing is working and I think the data I'm importing isn't configured correctly, so basically I want to know what I'm doing wrong in that respect. The data I'm using looks like the data in the attached picture. I'm able to create the exact chart I want in Excel, which I've also attached (the bar graph on the right; I couldn't attach more than one picture so they're just both in the same one), but for various reasons I need it to be in R. Is the way the data is written in Excel incorrect, and if so, how do I make it right?

Answer 1

In ggplot2 at least, you need to convert your data from "wide" to "long" format. Below, I use the tidyr::gather function to "gather" the two data columns ("running" and "jumping") into a single "fraction" column, which you can then color by "activity".

library(magrittr)                       # For pipe (%>%)

dat <- tibble::tibble(
  weeks = 1:15,
  running = runif(15, 0, 1),
  jumping = 1 - running
)

dat
#> # A tibble: 15 x 3
#>    weeks running jumping
#>    <int>   <dbl>   <dbl>
#>  1     1  0.675   0.325 
#>  2     2  0.727   0.273 
#>  3     3  0.430   0.570 
#>  4     4  0.324   0.676 
#>  5     5  0.809   0.191 
#>  6     6  0.260   0.740 
#>  7     7  0.433   0.567 
#>  8     8  0.872   0.128 
#>  9     9  0.0288  0.971 
#> 10    10  0.903   0.0970
#> 11    11  0.295   0.705 
#> 12    12  0.538   0.462 
#> 13    13  0.342   0.658 
#> 14    14  0.291   0.709 
#> 15    15  0.877   0.123

library(ggplot2)

dat_long <- dat %>%
  tidyr::gather(activity, fraction, running, jumping)

dat_long
#> # A tibble: 30 x 3
#>    weeks activity fraction
#>    <int> <chr>       <dbl>
#>  1     1 running    0.675 
#>  2     2 running    0.727 
#>  3     3 running    0.430 
#>  4     4 running    0.324 
#>  5     5 running    0.809 
#>  6     6 running    0.260 
#>  7     7 running    0.433 
#>  8     8 running    0.872 
#>  9     9 running    0.0288
#> 10    10 running    0.903 
#> # ... with 20 more rows

ggplot(dat_long) +
  aes(x = factor(weeks), y = fraction, fill = activity) +
  geom_col()

You can also do this in base R by converting to a "wide" matrix. (Note that I also use [, -1] to drop the first column).

dat_tmat <- t(as.matrix(dat[, -1]))
dat_tmat
#>              [,1]      [,2]      [,3]      [,4]       [,5]      [,6]
#> running 0.5227949 0.5352537 0.5879579 0.2678927 0.93068128 0.2948861
#> jumping 0.4772051 0.4647463 0.4120421 0.7321073 0.06931872 0.7051139
#>               [,7]      [,8]      [,9]       [,10]      [,11]     [,12]
#> running 0.07729363 0.8925416 0.5503279 0.007479232 0.02991765 0.5832765
#> jumping 0.92270637 0.1074584 0.4496721 0.992520768 0.97008235 0.4167235
#>             [,13]     [,14]     [,15]
#> running 0.8660134 0.1156794 0.3176998
#> jumping 0.1339866 0.8843206 0.6823002

barplot(dat_tmat, col = c("blue", "red"))
legend("topleft", c("running", "jumping"), col = c("blue", "red"), lwd = 5, bg = "white")