I have a project. What I want to do is that I want to read audio data from soundcard without saving it but the main important thing is that the audio data that the python is reading I want to check if some certain audio is played
Before the answer: In SO you should post your initial ideas, and say what you tried. And then the answers can be more relevant and informative.
About your question: you can use pyaudio It is:
PyAudio provides Python bindings for PortAudio, the cross-platform audio I/O library. With PyAudio, you can easily use Python to play and record audio on a variety of platforms.
There are multiple code examples for it, you can Google it.