Google Script does not autorhize me to use function of API even accept popup

Question

I got a basic function (I keep only relevant code) :

function list() {    
  var ss = SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSpreadsheet();
  ss.getRange("Analyse!B1").setBackground("red");  
}

I'm calling the function in a cell like this : =list()

Error : You're not authorize to call function list

---

I got the popup above, asking me for authorization, I accepted it, mais nothing change always an arror:

Answer 1

You cannot call functions like setBackground() from within a custom function.

When you run Apps Script code as a custom function it runs with a limited set of "safe" permissions, this is why you are not prompted to authorize the script.

The only way a custom function may interact with the calling sheet is by returning either a single value or a two dimensional array of data, which will be written from the location of the calling cell.

See my response on this similar question: How to change format of cell that runs function - Google Sheets Script Editor

If you must change the background color or perform other kinds of actions, you'll need to trigger the functionality another way, such as from a menu option or sidebar, which will trigger the authorization flow and run with full permissions.