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c++unicodestlwstring

How to convert wstring into string?


The question is how to convert wstring to string?

I have next example :

#include <string>
#include <iostream>

int main()
{
    std::wstring ws = L"Hello";
    std::string s( ws.begin(), ws.end() );

  //std::cout <<"std::string =     "<<s<<std::endl;
    std::wcout<<"std::wstring =    "<<ws<<std::endl;
    std::cout <<"std::string =     "<<s<<std::endl;
}

the output with commented out line is :

std::string =     Hello
std::wstring =    Hello
std::string =     Hello

but without is only :

std::wstring =    Hello

Is anything wrong in the example? Can I do the conversion like above?

EDIT

New example (taking into account some answers) is

#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <locale>

int main()
{
    setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");

    const std::wstring ws = L"Hello";
    const std::string s( ws.begin(), ws.end() );

    std::cout<<"std::string =     "<<s<<std::endl;
    std::wcout<<"std::wstring =    "<<ws<<std::endl;

    std::stringstream ss;
    ss << ws.c_str();
    std::cout<<"std::stringstream =     "<<ss.str()<<std::endl;
}

The output is :

std::string =     Hello
std::wstring =    Hello
std::stringstream =     0x860283c

therefore the stringstream can not be used to convert wstring into string.


Solution

  • Here is a worked-out solution based on the other suggestions:

    #include <string>
    #include <iostream>
    #include <clocale>
    #include <locale>
    #include <vector>
    
    int main() {
      std::setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
      const std::wstring ws = L"ħëłlö";
      const std::locale locale("");
      typedef std::codecvt<wchar_t, char, std::mbstate_t> converter_type;
      const converter_type& converter = std::use_facet<converter_type>(locale);
      std::vector<char> to(ws.length() * converter.max_length());
      std::mbstate_t state;
      const wchar_t* from_next;
      char* to_next;
      const converter_type::result result = converter.out(state, ws.data(), ws.data() + ws.length(), from_next, &to[0], &to[0] + to.size(), to_next);
      if (result == converter_type::ok or result == converter_type::noconv) {
        const std::string s(&to[0], to_next);
        std::cout <<"std::string =     "<<s<<std::endl;
      }
    }
    

    This will usually work for Linux, but will create problems on Windows.