I tried this hack: https://github.com/Microsoft/TypeScript/issues/14529 but got other terrible errors so I don't think it worked.
And 2.2 is not available under options here: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=55258
"Install-Package Microsoft.TypeScript.MSBuild -Version 2.2.2" did not work either, made the 2.2 show up on the dropdown but only as unavailable. https://www.nuget.org/packages/Microsoft.TypeScript.MSBuild/2.2.2
Run the visual studio installer and modify your visual studio install. Under individual components you will see the versions of typescript available for install.