I'd like to use Apple Configurator 2 to transfer some data to my enterprise application. Currently the device only allow to one MacBook Pro. But I have a concern what if the MacBook Pro broken? When I prepare my devices, I'm able to config it to "Allow devices to pair with other computers". But here comes a new concern. Does this mean my devices are able to connect to any Mac machines with Apple configurators installed? Then there is a security issue if this is the case. Any idea? Thanks.
"Yes" - the machines must be paired first, this is of course a security thing, there must be a bilateral pairing whereby both devices trust each other.
If you're worried about having to make your laptop available or broken, I suggest a configuration server or even a virtualised config. You can try running OSX inside virtual box or VMWare on OSX (which is legally allowed on apple hardware), in theory the host IDs will be within the virtual machine and not change as long as you launch the image.