SELECT
categories.id, categories.name
AS
parentName
FROM
categories
INNER JOIN
categories
ON
categories.parent = categories.id
ORDER BY
id
DESC
I want to inner join two columns in same table (categories).
That's 'cause you are joining on the same table, which needs a table alias in order to avoid confusion, as illustrated below
FROM
categories
INNER JOIN
categories
Change it to below (here c1, c2 are table aliases)
FROM
categories c1
INNER JOIN
categories c2
ON
c1.parent = c2.id
and adjust the SELECT clause accordingly