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Read/Write int Binary File in C error


I am facing an error reading/writing to a binary file in C. The issue is: - I write an int (e.g. 2) to a file using fwrite - I try read this int from a file using fread - When I read it, it doesn't come out as 2, but rather some long number e.g. 967899906 or 2071332354 or 1030372866 (always different).

I write to a binary file in C like this:

FILE * writeFile = fopen("test.bin","wb");

//test int vars
int test1 = 1;
int test2 = 2;
int test3 = 3;

//writing some ints to binary file
fwrite(&test1,1,1, writeFile);
fwrite(&test2,1,1, writeFile);
fwrite(&test3,1,1, writeFile);

fclose(writeFile);

I then read from the file like this:

FILE *readFile = fopen("test.bin","rb");
int data;
while(fread(&data,1,1, readFile)==1){
   printf("%d", data); //here it will output some random number
}
fclose(readFile);

Solution

  • fwrite wants, as second parameter, size of data to write, so in your case sizeof(int)

    Same thing for fread

    #include <stdio.h>
    
    int main(void)
    {
         FILE * writeFile = fopen("test.bin","wb");
    
         if (writeFile != NULL)
         {
             //test int vars
             int test1 = 1;
             int test2 = 2;
             int test3 = 3;
    
             //writing some ints to binary file
             fwrite(&test1,sizeof(test1),1, writeFile);
             fwrite(&test2,sizeof(test2),1, writeFile);
             fwrite(&test3,sizeof(test3),1, writeFile);
    
             fclose(writeFile);
         }
         else
         {
             perror("Error opening file to write: ");
             return 1;
         }
    
    
         FILE *readFile = fopen("test.bin","rb");
         if (readFile != NULL)
         {
             int data;
             while(fread(&data,sizeof(data),1, readFile)==1){
                printf("%d\n", data);
             }
             fclose(readFile);
         }
         else
         {
             perror("Error opening file to read: ");
             return 1;
         }
    
        return 0;
    }
    

    Hint: always test if fopen succeed.

    EDIT

    To use 1 byte variable, as commented, just use uint8_t variables

    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <stdint.h>
    
    int main(void)
    {
         FILE * writeFile = fopen("test.bin","wb");
    
         if (writeFile != NULL)
         {
             //test int vars
             uint8_t test1 = 1;
             uint8_t test2 = 2;
             uint8_t test3 = 3;
    
             //writing some ints to binary file
             fwrite(&test1,sizeof(test1),1, writeFile);
             fwrite(&test2,sizeof(test2),1, writeFile);
             fwrite(&test3,sizeof(test3),1, writeFile);
    
             fclose(writeFile);
         }
         else
         {
             perror("Error opening file to write: ");
             return 1;
         }
    
    
         FILE *readFile = fopen("test.bin","rb");
         if (readFile != NULL)
         {
             uint8_t data;
             while(fread(&data,sizeof(data),1, readFile)==1){
                printf("%d\n", data);
             }
             fclose(readFile);
         }
         else
         {
             perror("Error opening file to read: ");
             return 1;
         }
    
        return 0;
    }