I tried
alBufferf (myChannelId, AL_MAX_GAIN (and AL_GAIN), volumeValue);
and got error 0xA002.
0xA002 is an ILLEGAL ENUM ERROR in linux.
You got that because it's impossible to modify the gain of a buffer. There's no such thing.
What you can do is set the AL_GAIN attribute either to the listener (applying it to all sources in the current context) or to a particular source.