What is the best solution to update the MARA table?

I'm facing to a problem today: how to update the MARA table with custom and non-custom fields?

I found some solutions, but I would like to know what is the best solution.

I came from HCM module. On this module we have changelogs. So I would like to update the MARA table with log changes if possible.

Context:

Select one MARA entry from the table (OK)
Edit fields (OK)
Check for each fields, if the new value is already on the available values
Update the table

Logic:

DATA:
  lt_mara TYPE TABLE OF mara,
  ls_mara TYPE mara.

lv_matnr = '000000000024856';

* Seelct data
"" matnr from CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_INPUT
SELECT SINGLE * INTO ls_mara FROM mara WHERE matnr = lv_matnr.

* Modification
ls_mara-vlumn = '999.9'. 
"ls_mara-z* = '...'.   

* Checks : volumn is numeric, ...
" [...]

* Update
" [...]

I have only information about the MARA, no data about related tables.

Solution 1 - `MATERIAL_MAINTAIN_DARK`

Use function module MATERIAL_MAINTAIN_DARK.

CALL FUNCTION 'MATERIAL_MAINTAIN_DARK'
    EXPORTING
        kz_activ_cad = blank
        flag_muss_pruefen = fest_x
        sperrmodus = fest_e
        max_errors = 0
        p_kz_no_warn = fest_x " 'N' ?
        kz_prf = blank " 's' ?
        kz_verw = fest_x
        kz_aend = fest_x
        kz_dispo = fest_x
        kz_test = blank
        kz_mdip = blank
        kz_mprp = blank
        kz_ale = blank
        kz_actv = blank
    TABLES
        AMARA_UEB = TMARA_UEB
        AMERRDAT = lt_amerrdat
    EXCEPTIONS
        OTHERS = 7.

" Loop lt_amerrdat.
"   CALL FUNCTION 'RPY_MESSAGE_COMPOSE' [...]
"     WRITE:/ lv_errmsg.

" ROLLBACK WORK.
" or
" CALL FUNCTION 'DB_COMMIT'.

(I used this logic of code https://archive.sap.com/discussions/thread/169786)

Problem: I successfully executed the code, but now I caught some functional errors. If I correctly understand the functionality of this FM, the modification will be executed through a tcode (i.e.: MM01/02/03). But, I don't know what was the initial tcode for each row and I have functional issues (i.e: Article category not correct, ...) depending of the tcode used.

Do you know how I can skip these checks? Or known the initial tcode?

Solution 2 - `BAPI_MATERIAL_SAVEDATA`

Use function module BAPI_MATERIAL_SAVEDATA. This FM allow to update MARA table with standard fields + custom (via EXTENSION(X))

For information, my BAPI_TE_MARA & BAPI_TE_MARAX looks like:

MATERIAL (MATNR, char, 18)
.APPEND (ZBAPI_TE_MARAX)
NOCHANGE (BAPIUPDATE, char, 1)

I guess I have to add each Z* fields on it, before use this FM ? Moreover, I didn't find a solution to update the fields of the table. If I'm checking the FM, I have some objects but the columns names are not the same. How I can find the mapping between the fields on this FM and the fields on the MARA table ?

Solution 3

Has I make my checks on integrity on my code, I guess I can use a simple INSERT/UPDATE (MODIFY) ? This should be the simplest solution.

CONCATENATE sy-mandt lv_matnr INTO lv_mara_key.

" Lock object
CALL FUNCTION 'ENQUEUE_E_TABLE'
    EXPORTING
        MODE_RSTABLE   = 'E'
        tabname        = 'MARA'
        varkey         = lv_mara_key
    EXCEPTIONS
        foreign_lock   = 1      system_failure = 2      OTHERS = 3.

ls_mara-ernam = sy-uname.
" ...
" std & custo

MODIFY mara FROM ls_mara.

" Unlock object
CALL FUNCTION 'DEQUEUE_E_TABLE'
    EXPORTING
        MODE_RSTABLE   = 'E'
        tabname        = 'MARA'
        varkey         = lv_mara_key
    EXCEPTIONS
        foreign_lock   = 1      system_failure = 2      OTHERS = 3.

I'm interested in all recommendations, tutorials or advices :)

Solution

Finally this is the solution choosen. We used BAPI_MATERIAL_SAVEDATA with the extension. I commented the code to help you if you want to use it :)

FORM update_mara
  USING
    us_result TYPE mara. "Input entry of mara with masterdata to update in the system

  DATA :  ls_mara           TYPE bapi_te_mara,
          ls_head           TYPE bapimathead,
          lt_extensionin    TYPE TABLE OF bapiparex,
          ls_extensionin    TYPE bapiparex,
          lt_extensioninx   TYPE TABLE OF bapiparexx,
          ls_extensioninx   TYPE bapiparexx,
          ls_return         TYPE bapiret2,
          lv_x              TYPE char41,
          lv_mara           TYPE string. "Container for all data of ls_mara

  " MASTERDATA PART
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING us_result TO ls_mara.
  ls_mara-material = ls_head-material = us_result-matnr.
  "At least the mendatory key field: 'material'

  " DATA PART
  " Use extension BAPI_TE_MARA
  ls_extensionin-structure = 'BAPI_TE_MARA'.
  lv_mara = ls_mara.
  " Fill data into the extension
  ls_extensionin+30(960) = lv_mara.
  APPEND ls_extensionin TO lt_extensionin.

  " FLAG PART
  CLEAR lv_x.
  DO 41 TIMES. "Don't forget to change 'lv_x TYPE char41' if needed
    CONCATENATE lv_x 'X' INTO lv_x.
    "Add an 'X' where you want to activate the update
    "Here, it's for all fields
  ENDDO. " End of the do loop for all fields of the mara

  " Use extension BAPI_TE_MARAX
  ls_extensioninx-structure  = 'BAPI_TE_MARAX'.
  ls_extensioninx-valuepart1(18)  = us_result-matnr.
  ls_extensioninx-valuepart1+19   = lv_x.
  " The first part (18) of the extensioninx is the matnr and the next ones some 'X' flags to activate the update or not.
  APPEND ls_extensioninx TO lt_extensioninx.

  " PROCESS PART
  CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_MATERIAL_SAVEDATA'
    EXPORTING
      headdata     = ls_head
    IMPORTING
      return       = ls_return
    TABLES
      extensionin  = lt_extensionin
      extensioninx = lt_extensioninx
  .

  IF ls_return-type = 'E'.
    CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_TRANSACTION_ROLLBACK'.
  ELSE.
    CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_TRANSACTION_COMMIT'
      EXPORTING
        wait = 'X'.
  ENDIF.  " End if of check of BAPI result

ENDFORM.                    " UPDATE_MARA

What is the best solution to update the MARA table?

Solution 1 - MATERIAL_MAINTAIN_DARK

Solution 2 - BAPI_MATERIAL_SAVEDATA

Solution 3

Solution 1 - `MATERIAL_MAINTAIN_DARK`

Solution 2 - `BAPI_MATERIAL_SAVEDATA`