Search code examples
rplotggplot2polar-coordinates

Join gap in polar line ggplot plot


When ggplot makes a line plot with polar coordinates, it leaves a gap between the highest and lowest x-values (Dec and Jan below) instead of wrapping around into a spiral. How can I continue the line and close that gap?

In particular, I want to use months as my x-axis, but plot multiple years of data in one looping line.

Reprex:

library(ggplot2)

# three years of monthly data
df <- expand.grid(month = month.abb, year = 2014:2016)
df$value <- seq_along(df$year)

head(df)
##   month year value
## 1   Jan 2014     1
## 2   Feb 2014     2
## 3   Mar 2014     3
## 4   Apr 2014     4
## 5   May 2014     5
## 6   Jun 2014     6

ggplot(df, aes(month, value, group = year)) + 
    geom_line() + 
    coord_polar()

spiral plot with gaps


Solution

  • Here's a somewhat-hacky option:

    # make a data.frame of start values end values should continue to
    bridges <- df[df$month == 'Jan',]
    bridges$year <- bridges$year - 1    # adjust index to align with previous group
    bridges$month <- NA    # set x value to any new value
    
           # combine extra points with original
    ggplot(rbind(df, bridges), aes(month, value, group = year)) + 
        geom_line() + 
        # close gap by removing expansion; redefine breaks to get rid of "NA/Jan" label
        scale_x_discrete(expand = c(0,0), breaks = month.abb) + 
        coord_polar()
    

    spiral plot without gaps

    Obviously adding extra data points is not ideal, though, so maybe a more elegant answer exists.