Unique the columns and get the frequencies in linux

Question

I have a data.txt with a matrix structure (4 X 9):

101000110
000000010
001010010
100101101

I want to count the frequencies of unique columns, the expected result is:

1001 2
0000 1
1010 1
0001 3 
0010 1
1110 1

I only find "unique lines according to specific columns" using awk on the Internet, do I need to first transpose my data to solve this problem. I wonder whether there is a more direct way to figure it out? Thank you.

Answer 1

This awk will help:

awk '{for (i=1;i<=NF;i++){
         a[i]=a[i]""$i
       }
     }
     END{
     for (i=1;i<=9;i++) {
       res[a[i]]++
       }
     for (r in res){
         print r, res[r] 
       }
     }' FS= yourfile

Result

1110 1
0000 1
0010 1
0001 3
1010 1
1001 2

Explanation

for (i=1;i<=NF;i++){
         a[i]=a[i]""$i
       }
     }

Stores the info in a nine column array as a key, as we know that it’s a regular matrix we will append each value to its position

 for (i=1;i<=9;i++) {
   res[a[i]]++
   }

Store the number into an associative array and count the occurrences

 for (r in res){
     print r, res[r] 
   }

Just show the final result.