Search code examples
djangomany-to-manydjango-rest-framework

Django REST Framework ManyToMany filter multiple values


I have two models, one defining users, the other defining labels on these users. I am using Django REST Framework to create an API. I would like to be able to query users containing at least the label ids 1 and 2.

For instance if the user's labels are: [(1,2), (1,2,3), (2,3), (1,3)] I want the query to return [(1,2), (1,2,3)].

So far, I've managed to query users with a given label (let's say id=1) by doing: /api/users/?labels=1, but I am unable to query users with labels 1 and 2. I've tried /api/users/?labels=1,2 or /api/users/?labels=1&labels=2 but it returns some invalid users, i.e. users without labels 1 or 2...

Github test repo:

https://github.com/TheDimLebowski/drf-m2m-filter

Code:

models.py

class Label(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length = 60)

class User(models.Model):
    labels = models.ManyToManyField(Label)

filters.py

class UserFilter(django_filters.FilterSet):
    labels = django_filters.filters.BaseInFilter(
        name='labels',
        lookup_type='in',
    )

    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('labels',)

serializers.py

class LabelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Label
        fields = ('id','name')

class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    labels = LabelSerializer(many = True)
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('labels',)

views.py

class UserViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = User.objects.all()
    serializer_class = UserSerializer
    filter_backends = (filters.DjangoFilterBackend,)
    filter_class = UserFilter
    filter_fields = ('labels',)

Solution

  • You can chain filters. For example, if you need all users which labels contain both 1 and 2 values, you can write a query like so:

    User.objects.filter(labels=1).filter(labels=2)
    

    django-filters does not support queries like this by default so you need a custom filter.

    class M2MFilter(django_filters.Filter):
    
        def filter(self, qs, value):
            if not value:
                return qs
        
            values = value.split(',')
            for v in values:
                qs = qs.filter(labels=v)
            return qs
    
    
    class UserFilter(django_filters.FilterSet):
        labels = M2MFilter(name='labels')
    
        class Meta:
            model = User
            fields = ('labels',)
    

    Now you can write labels id's comma-separated and get exactly what you need

    /api/users/?labels=1,2
    

    Here is good answer about m2m queries