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sqlsql-serverxmltraversal

Multiple goal search on XML nodes in SQL Server


I have a Process table in SQL Server like this:

workflow

workflowXML column has values like this:

sample1 (ProcessID=1)

sample1

workflowXML of sample1:

<process>
    <Event type="start" id="StartEvent_1" name="Start">
      <outgoing>SequenceFlow_0z7u86p</outgoing>
      <outgoing>SequenceFlow_1onkt3z</outgoing>
    </Event>
    <task type="" id="Task_0a7vu1x" name="D">
      <incoming>SequenceFlow_108ajnm</incoming>
      <incoming>SequenceFlow_1onkt3z</incoming>
      <outgoing>SequenceFlow_01clcmz</outgoing>
    </task>
    <task type="goal" id="Task_00ijt4n" name="B">
      <incoming>SequenceFlow_17q1ecq</incoming>
      <incoming>SequenceFlow_0q9j3et</incoming>
      <outgoing>SequenceFlow_1ygvv8b</outgoing>
      <outgoing>SequenceFlow_02glv1g</outgoing>
    </task>
    <task type="" id="Task_1rnuz4y" name="A">
      <incoming>SequenceFlow_1ygvv8b</incoming>
      <incoming>SequenceFlow_0z7u86p</incoming>
      <outgoing>SequenceFlow_108ajnm</outgoing>
      <outgoing>SequenceFlow_17q1ecq</outgoing>
      <outgoing>SequenceFlow_075iuj9</outgoing>
    </task>                
    <task type="goal" id="Task_1d4ykor" name="E">
      <incoming>SequenceFlow_01clcmz</incoming>
      <incoming>SequenceFlow_075iuj9</incoming>
      <incoming>SequenceFlow_1djp3tu</incoming>
      <outgoing>SequenceFlow_0q9j3et</outgoing>
    </task>        
    <task type="goal" id="Task_1sembw4" name="C">
      <incoming>SequenceFlow_02glv1g</incoming>
      <outgoing>SequenceFlow_1djp3tu</outgoing>
    </task>    
</process>

sample2 (ProcessID=2)

sample2

workflowXML of sample2:

<process id="Process_1" isExecutable="false">
    <Event type="start" id="StartEvent_0bivq0x" name="Start">
      <outgoing>SequenceFlow_0q5ik20</outgoing>
      <outgoing>SequenceFlow_147xk2x</outgoing>
    </Event>
    <task type="" id="Task_141buye" name="A">
      <incoming>SequenceFlow_0q5ik20</incoming>
      <incoming>SequenceFlow_0wg37hn</incoming>
      <outgoing>SequenceFlow_1pvpyhe</outgoing>
      <outgoing>SequenceFlow_10is4pe</outgoing>
    </task>
    <task type="" id="Task_1n3p00i" name="C">
      <incoming>SequenceFlow_147xk2x</incoming>
      <incoming>SequenceFlow_10is4pe</incoming>
      <outgoing>SequenceFlow_18ks1jr</outgoing>
      <outgoing>SequenceFlow_08gxini</outgoing>
    </task>
    <task type="goal" id="Task_0olxqpp" name="B">
      <incoming>SequenceFlow_1pvpyhe</incoming>
      <outgoing>SequenceFlow_03eekq0</outgoing>
    </task>
    <task type="goal" id="Task_0zjgfkf" name="D">
      <incoming>SequenceFlow_18ks1jr</incoming>
      <incoming>SequenceFlow_03eekq0</incoming>
      <outgoing>SequenceFlow_0wg37hn</outgoing>
    </task>
    <task type="" id="Task_1q71efy" name="E">
      <incoming>SequenceFlow_08gxini</incoming>
    </task>
</process>

Edit1 (Add Sample3)

sample3 (ProcessID=3)

Sample3

workflowXML of sample3:

<process>
  <Event type="start" id="StartEvent_1" name="Start">
    <outgoing>SequenceFlow_01rkkhj</outgoing>
  </Event>
  <task type="" id="Task_1jixk79" name="A">
    <incoming>SequenceFlow_01rkkhj</incoming>
    <incoming>SequenceFlow_1tszkq8</incoming>
    <outgoing>SequenceFlow_0v8wuqu</outgoing>
    <outgoing>SequenceFlow_14u6fh7</outgoing>
    <outgoing>SequenceFlow_1q4991g</outgoing>
  </task>
  <task type="" id="Task_0xwvhuo" name="B">
    <incoming>SequenceFlow_0v8wuqu</incoming>
    <outgoing>SequenceFlow_15fmkbq</outgoing>
    <outgoing>SequenceFlow_0x4ykgp</outgoing>
    <outgoing>SequenceFlow_0f4gpf1</outgoing>
  </task>
  <task type="goal" id="Task_0qsvlob" name="G">
    <incoming>SequenceFlow_0qse1xk</incoming>
    <incoming>SequenceFlow_16a0qvv</incoming>
  </task>
  <task type="goal" id="Task_0wtjftd" name="E">
    <incoming>SequenceFlow_14u6fh7</incoming>
    <incoming>SequenceFlow_0z3qle8</incoming>
    <outgoing>SequenceFlow_0vg7sax</outgoing>
    <outgoing>SequenceFlow_0qse1xk</outgoing>
  </task>
  <task type="" id="Task_0c85e6p" name="F">
    <incoming>SequenceFlow_0x4ykgp</incoming>
    <incoming>SequenceFlow_17k5zfg</incoming>
    <outgoing>SequenceFlow_16a0qvv</outgoing>
    <outgoing>SequenceFlow_0z3qle8</outgoing>
  </task>
  <task type="" id="Task_164ihwt" name="D">
    <incoming>SequenceFlow_0q9hqs6</incoming>
    <incoming>SequenceFlow_1q4991g</incoming>
    <outgoing>SequenceFlow_17k5zfg</outgoing>
  </task>
  <task type="goal" id="Task_032o8jx" name="C">
    <incoming>SequenceFlow_15fmkbq</incoming>
    <incoming>SequenceFlow_0vg7sax</incoming>
    <outgoing>SequenceFlow_0q9hqs6</outgoing>
    <outgoing>SequenceFlow_1tszkq8</outgoing>
  </task>
  <task type="goal" id="Task_0fsibap" name="H">
    <incoming>SequenceFlow_0f4gpf1</incoming>
  </task>
</process>

I need to find goal nodes from start node that:

there is a path for them from start and there are no goal nodes in this path.

Result of query in process table with sample1 and sample2 is like this:

+-------+----------+-------------+
|  ID   | nodeName |    nodeID   |
+-------+----------+-------------+
|   1   |    B     |Task_00ijt4n |
+-------+----------+-------------+
|   1   |    E     |Task_1d4ykor |
+-------+----------+-------------+
|   2   |    B     |Task_0olxqpp |
+-------+----------+-------------+
|   2   |    D     |Task_0zjgfkf |
+-------+----------+-------------+

It would be very helpful if someone could explain solution for this query.

Thanks.


Solution

  • I was curious to solve this with a set-based recursive approach as I do not like procedural coding in T-SQL. Hope you like it :-)

    DECLARE @process TABLE(ID INT IDENTITY, workflowXML XML);
    INSERT INTO @process(workflowXML) VALUES
    ('<process>
        <Event type="start" id="StartEvent_1" name="Start">
          <outgoing>SequenceFlow_0z7u86p</outgoing>
          <outgoing>SequenceFlow_1onkt3z</outgoing>
        </Event>
        <task type="" id="Task_0a7vu1x" name="D">
          <incoming>SequenceFlow_108ajnm</incoming>
          <incoming>SequenceFlow_1onkt3z</incoming>
          <outgoing>SequenceFlow_01clcmz</outgoing>
        </task>
        <task type="goal" id="Task_00ijt4n" name="B">
          <incoming>SequenceFlow_17q1ecq</incoming>
          <incoming>SequenceFlow_0q9j3et</incoming>
          <outgoing>SequenceFlow_1ygvv8b</outgoing>
          <outgoing>SequenceFlow_02glv1g</outgoing>
        </task>
        <task type="" id="Task_1rnuz4y" name="A">
          <incoming>SequenceFlow_1ygvv8b</incoming>
          <incoming>SequenceFlow_0z7u86p</incoming>
          <outgoing>SequenceFlow_108ajnm</outgoing>
          <outgoing>SequenceFlow_17q1ecq</outgoing>
          <outgoing>SequenceFlow_075iuj9</outgoing>
        </task>                
        <task type="goal" id="Task_1d4ykor" name="E">
          <incoming>SequenceFlow_01clcmz</incoming>
          <incoming>SequenceFlow_075iuj9</incoming>
          <incoming>SequenceFlow_1djp3tu</incoming>
          <outgoing>SequenceFlow_0q9j3et</outgoing>
        </task>        
        <task type="goal" id="Task_1sembw4" name="C">
          <incoming>SequenceFlow_02glv1g</incoming>
          <outgoing>SequenceFlow_1djp3tu</outgoing>
        </task>    
    </process>')
    ,('<process id="Process_1" isExecutable="false">
        <Event type="start" id="StartEvent_0bivq0x" name="Start">
          <outgoing>SequenceFlow_0q5ik20</outgoing>
          <outgoing>SequenceFlow_147xk2x</outgoing>
        </Event>
        <task type="" id="Task_141buye" name="A">
          <incoming>SequenceFlow_0q5ik20</incoming>
          <incoming>SequenceFlow_0wg37hn</incoming>
          <outgoing>SequenceFlow_1pvpyhe</outgoing>
          <outgoing>SequenceFlow_10is4pe</outgoing>
        </task>
        <task type="" id="Task_1n3p00i" name="C">
          <incoming>SequenceFlow_147xk2x</incoming>
          <incoming>SequenceFlow_10is4pe</incoming>
          <outgoing>SequenceFlow_18ks1jr</outgoing>
          <outgoing>SequenceFlow_08gxini</outgoing>
        </task>
        <task type="goal" id="Task_0olxqpp" name="B">
          <incoming>SequenceFlow_1pvpyhe</incoming>
          <outgoing>SequenceFlow_03eekq0</outgoing>
        </task>
        <task type="goal" id="Task_0zjgfkf" name="D">
          <incoming>SequenceFlow_18ks1jr</incoming>
          <incoming>SequenceFlow_03eekq0</incoming>
          <outgoing>SequenceFlow_0wg37hn</outgoing>
        </task>
        <task type="" id="Task_1q71efy" name="E">
          <incoming>SequenceFlow_08gxini</incoming>
        </task>
    </process>');
    

    --the query

    WITH DerivedTable AS
    (
        SELECT prTbl.ID AS tblID
              ,nd.value('local-name(.)','nvarchar(max)') AS NodeName
              ,nd.value('@type','nvarchar(max)') AS [Type]
              ,nd.value('@id','nvarchar(max)') AS Id
              ,nd.value('@name','nvarchar(max)') AS [Name]
              ,nd.query('.') AS Task
        FROM @process AS prTbl
        CROSS APPLY prTbl.workflowXML.nodes('process') AS A(pr)
        CROSS APPLY pr.nodes('*') AS B(nd)
    )
    ,AllIncoming AS
    (
        SELECT tblId
              ,NodeName 
              ,[Type]
              ,Id 
              ,[Name]
              ,i.value('.','nvarchar(max)') AS [Target] 
        FROM DerivedTable
        CROSS APPLY Task.nodes('task/incoming') AS A(i)
        WHERE NodeName='task'
    )
    ,recCTE AS
    (
        SELECT tblID,NodeName,[Type],Id,[Name],Task,1 AS Step,' | ' +CAST(Id AS NVARCHAR(MAX)) AS NodePath
        FROM DerivedTable 
        WHERE [Type]='start'
    
        UNION ALL
    
        SELECT nxt.tblID,nxt.NodeName,nxt.[Type],nxt.Id,nxt.[Name],nxt.Task,r.Step+1,r.NodePath + ' | ' + nxt.Id
        FROM recCTE AS r
        INNER JOIN DerivedTable AS nxt ON nxt.Id IN(SELECT x.Id 
                                                    FROM AllIncoming AS x 
                                                    WHERE x.[Target] IN (SELECT o.value('.','nvarchar(max)')
                                                                         FROM r.Task.nodes('*/outgoing') AS A(o)
                                                                        )
                                                    )
        WHERE r.[Type]<>'goal' 
          AND r.NodePath NOT LIKE '%| ' + nxt.Id + '%' 
          AND r.Step<=10 --add an appropriate depth limit to avoid recusion-depth error
    )
    SELECT t.tblID 
          ,t.[Name] 
          ,t.NodePath
          ,t.Step
          ,t.Id
    FROM recCTE AS t
    WHERE t.[Type]='goal'
      AND t.Step<=ISNULL((SELECT MIN(x.Step) FROM recCTE AS x WHERE x.tblID=t.tblID AND x.[Type]='goal' AND x.NodeName='task'),999)
    ORDER BY t.tblID,t.Step
    

    The result

    tblID   Name    NodePath                                          Step  Id
      1     B      | StartEvent_1 | Task_1rnuz4y | Task_00ijt4n        3    Task_00ijt4n
      1     E      | StartEvent_1 | Task_1rnuz4y | Task_1d4ykor        3    Task_1d4ykor
      1     E      | StartEvent_1 | Task_0a7vu1x | Task_1d4ykor        3    Task_1d4ykor
      2     D      | StartEvent_0bivq0x | Task_1n3p00i | Task_0zjgfkf  3    Task_0zjgfkf
      2     B      | StartEvent_0bivq0x | Task_141buye | Task_0olxqpp  3    Task_0olxqpp
    

    You find more than two results for tblID=1 as there are differing paths leading to the same goal node.

    UPDATE Your example 3

    My first attempt finds the shortest path to a goal. Any goal, which is reached with a longer path, was filtered. This is easy to change:

    Let the final WHERE find the shortest path to a specific node by adding the Id:

    WHERE t.[Type]='goal'
      AND t.Step<=ISNULL((SELECT MIN(x.Step) 
                          FROM recCTE AS x 
                          WHERE x.tblID=t.tblID
                            AND x.Id=t.Id 
                            AND x.[Type]='goal' AND x.NodeName='task'),999)
    

    This returns for all three examples:

    +-------+------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+--------------+
    | tblID | Name | NodePath                                                                   | Step | Id           |
    +-------+------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+--------------+
    | 1     | B    | | StartEvent_1 | Task_1rnuz4y | Task_00ijt4n                               | 3    | Task_00ijt4n |
    +-------+------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+--------------+
    | 1     | E    | | StartEvent_1 | Task_1rnuz4y | Task_1d4ykor                               | 3    | Task_1d4ykor |
    +-------+------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+--------------+
    | 1     | E    | | StartEvent_1 | Task_0a7vu1x | Task_1d4ykor                               | 3    | Task_1d4ykor |
    +-------+------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+--------------+
    | 2     | B    | | StartEvent_0bivq0x | Task_141buye | Task_0olxqpp                         | 3    | Task_0olxqpp |
    +-------+------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+--------------+
    | 2     | D    | | StartEvent_0bivq0x | Task_1n3p00i | Task_0zjgfkf                         | 3    | Task_0zjgfkf |
    +-------+------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+--------------+
    | 3     | E    | | StartEvent_1 | Task_1jixk79 | Task_0wtjftd                               | 3    | Task_0wtjftd |
    +-------+------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+--------------+
    | 3     | C    | | StartEvent_1 | Task_1jixk79 | Task_0xwvhuo | Task_032o8jx                | 4    | Task_032o8jx |
    +-------+------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+--------------+
    | 3     | H    | | StartEvent_1 | Task_1jixk79 | Task_0xwvhuo | Task_0fsibap                | 4    | Task_0fsibap |
    +-------+------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+--------------+
    | 3     | G    | | StartEvent_1 | Task_1jixk79 | Task_0xwvhuo | Task_0c85e6p | Task_0qsvlob | 5    | Task_0qsvlob |
    +-------+------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+--------------+
    | 3     | G    | | StartEvent_1 | Task_1jixk79 | Task_164ihwt | Task_0c85e6p | Task_0qsvlob | 5    | Task_0qsvlob |
    +-------+------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+--------------+