Scope for default parameter in Python

Question

I am learning Python and came across an example that I don't quite understand. In the official tutorial, the following code is given:

i = 5

def f(arg=i):
    print(arg)

i = 6
f()

Coming from c++, it makes sense intuitively for me that this will print 5. But I'd also like to understand the technical explanation: "The default values are evaluated at the point of function definition in the defining scope." What does the "defining scope" mean here?

Answer 1

1. i = 5
2. 
3. def f(arg=i):
4.     print(arg)
5. 
6. i = 6
7. f()

At #1, i = 5 is evaluated and the variable and its value is added to the scope.

At line 3, the function declaration is evaluated. At this point all the default arguments are also evaluated. i holds the value 5, so arg's default value is 5 (and not the symbolic i).

After i changes value on line 6, arg is already 5 so it doesn't change.