urlopen works in Python 2.7 but fails in Python 3.4

Question

I have both Python 2.7.10 and Python 3.4.4 running on my computer. The following code works in Python 2.7.10:

import urllib2
print urllib2.urlopen('http://google.com').read()

However, if I move on to Python 3.4.4 and run

import urllib.request
print(urllib.request.urlopen('http://google.com').read())

I get a long pair of errors:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python34\lib\urllib\request.py", line 1183, in do_open
    h.request(req.get_method(), req.selector, req.data, headers)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\http\client.py", line 1137, in request
    self._send_request(method, url, body, headers)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\http\client.py", line 1182, in _send_request
    self.endheaders(body)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\http\client.py", line 1133, in endheaders
    self._send_output(message_body)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\http\client.py", line 963, in _send_output
    self.send(msg)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\http\client.py", line 898, in send
    self.connect()
  File "C:\Python34\lib\http\client.py", line 871, in connect
    self.timeout, self.source_address)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\socket.py", line 516, in create_connection
    raise err
  File "C:\Python34\lib\socket.py", line 507, in create_connection
    sock.connect(sa)
TimeoutError: [WinError 10060] A connection attempt failed because the connected party did not properly respond after a period of time, or established connection failed because connected host has failed to respond

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#17>", line 1, in <module>
    print(urllib.request.urlopen('http://google.com').read())
  File "C:\Python34\lib\urllib\request.py", line 161, in urlopen
    return opener.open(url, data, timeout)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\urllib\request.py", line 464, in open
    response = self._open(req, data)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\urllib\request.py", line 482, in _open
    '_open', req)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\urllib\request.py", line 442, in _call_chain
    result = func(*args)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\urllib\request.py", line 1211, in http_open
    return self.do_open(http.client.HTTPConnection, req)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\urllib\request.py", line 1185, in do_open
    raise URLError(err)
urllib.error.URLError: <urlopen error [WinError 10060] A connection attempt failed because the connected party did not properly respond after a period of time, or established connection failed because connected host has failed to respond>

I have come to understand that an error like this represents problems with the windows settings as suggested here (I'm running Windows 7), but what I can't understand is how it works in 2.7 and not in 3.4.

Answer 1

After working at the solution, the Python 2.7 code began throwing the same error. Out of frustration I began applying the microscoft fix. I started by logging off and logging back in again. Everything works as intended now...