Query processor could not produce a query plan because of the hints defined in this query. Resubmit the query and without using SET FORCEPLAN

Question

I am running following:

DECLARE @g geography;
declare @point nvarchar(50)  =''
declare @i int =0,
        @lat decimal(8,6) =0.0,
        @long decimal(8,6) =0.0,
        @start datetime = getdate()
set @lat =(select (0.9 -Rand()*1.8)*100)
set @long =(select (0.9 -Rand()*1.8)*100)
set @point = (select 'POINT('+CONVERT(varchar(10), @lat)+ '  ' 
             +CONVERT(varchar(10), @long)+')')
SET @g = geography::STGeomFromText(@point, 4326);
SELECT TOP 1000
    @lat,
    @long,
        @g.STDistance(st.[coord]) AS [DistanceFromPoint (in meters)] 
    ,   st.[coord]
    ,   st.id
FROM    Temp st with(index([SpatialIndex_1]))

this query performed poorly because it does not use spacial index, so I added with(index([SpatialIndex_1])) to force it.

geography index looks following:

CREATE SPATIAL INDEX [SpatialIndex_1] ON [dbo].Temp
(
    [coord]
)USING  GEOGRAPHY_GRID 
WITH (GRIDS =(LEVEL_1 = LOW,LEVEL_2 = MEDIUM,LEVEL_3 = LOW,LEVEL_4 = LOW), 
CELLS_PER_OBJECT = 16, PAD_INDEX = OFF,
STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, SORT_IN_TEMPDB = OFF, DROP_EXISTING = OFF,
ONLINE = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = OFF, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON, FILLFACTOR = 95) 
ON [PRIMARY]

Now it gives me error message

Msg 8622, Level 16, State 1, Line 15 Query processor could not produce a query plan because of the hints defined in this query. Resubmit the query without specifying any hints and without using SET FORCEPLAN.

I can read and understand that it tells me to remove hint, question is why does it succeed at compilation but fails on run-time? Is there something wrong with my index?

What do I need to change for SQL to start using Spatial index?

to generate some data you could use following script.

CREATE TABLE dbo.Temp
    (
    Id int NOT NULL IDENTITY (1, 1),
    Coord geography NOT NULL
    )  ON [PRIMARY]
     TEXTIMAGE_ON [PRIMARY]
GO
ALTER TABLE dbo.Temp ADD CONSTRAINT
    PK_Temp PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED 
    (
    Id
    ) 
WITH( STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF,
      ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) 
ON [PRIMARY]
GO


declare @i int =0
declare @lat decimal(8,6) =0.0
declare @long decimal(8,6) =0.0
while (@i < 47000)
begin
   set @lat =(select (0.9 -Rand()*1.8)*100)
   set @long =(select (0.9 -Rand()*1.8)*100)
   insert into Temp
   select geography::Point(@lat, @long,4326)
   set @i =@i+1
end
go

CREATE SPATIAL INDEX [SpatialIndex_1] ON [dbo].Temp
(
    [coord]
)USING  GEOGRAPHY_GRID 
WITH (GRIDS =(LEVEL_1 = LOW,LEVEL_2 = MEDIUM,LEVEL_3 = LOW,LEVEL_4 = LOW), 
   CELLS_PER_OBJECT = 16, PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF,
   SORT_IN_TEMPDB = OFF, DROP_EXISTING = OFF, ONLINE = OFF,
   ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = OFF, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON, FILLFACTOR = 95) 
ON [PRIMARY]
GO

Answer 1

From here:

The following requirements must be met for a Nearest Neighbor query to use a spatial index:

1. A spatial index must be present on one of the spatial columns and the STDistance() method must use that column in the WHERE and ORDER BY clauses.
2. The TOP clause cannot contain a PERCENT statement.
3. The WHERE clause must contain a STDistance() method.
4. If there are multiple predicates in the WHERE clause then the predicate containing STDistance() method must be connected by an AND conjunction to the other predicates. The STDistance() method cannot be in an optional part of the WHERE clause.
5. The first expression in the ORDER BY clause must use the STDistance() method.
6. Sort order for the first STDistance() expression in the ORDER BY clause must be ASC.
7. All the rows for which STDistance returns NULL must be filtered out.

So, this should work:

DECLARE @g geography;
declare @point nvarchar(50)  =''
declare @i int =0,
        @lat decimal(8,6) =0.0,
        @long decimal(8,6) =0.0,
        @start datetime = getdate()
set @lat =(select (0.9 -Rand()*1.8)*100)
set @long =(select (0.9 -Rand()*1.8)*100)
set @point = (select 'POINT('+CONVERT(varchar(10), @lat)+ '  ' 
             +CONVERT(varchar(10), @long)+')')
SET @g = geography::STGeomFromText(@point, 4326);

SELECT TOP 1000
    @lat,
    @long,
        @g.STDistance(st.[coord]) AS [DistanceFromPoint (in meters)] 
    ,   st.[coord]
    ,   st.id
FROM    Temp st with(index([SpatialIndex_1]))
WHERE @g.STDistance(st.[coord])  IS NOT NULL
ORDER BY @g.STDistance(st.[coord]) asc

You can check that it is using the spacial index even the WITH INDEX hint is removed.