I used to have a project templates, when i code in Visual Studio, but now i have to use Qt Creator and find out it has something very similar, which called "Project Wizard". I need to have text file, which will be copied to build folder, and solved it by adding a new build step, but i can't understand how to add a new build step in project wizard file. So, i took a "plaincpp" project wizard to base on, and it hasn't got any cmake files to change. Also i found, what Qt Creator stores build steps in *.pro.user file.
You can add QMAKE_POST_LINK += /path/to/some/script/or/binary to your_project.pro file and write a simple bash script or whatever you want to be executed, to copy your file.