Difference between brightness and lightness in Image Manipulation

Question

I have an application to adjust the lightness/brightness of the image and the saturation and i found this link here which uses android colormatrix to adjust the brightness. Here's the function to adjust brightness in colormatrix.

public static void adjustBrightness(ColorMatrix cm, float value) {
value = cleanValue(value,50);
if (value == 0) {
    return;
}

float[] mat = new float[]
{ 
    1,0,0,0,value,
    0,1,0,0,value,
    0,0,1,0,value,
    0,0,0,1,0
};
cm.postConcat(new ColorMatrix(mat));

}

But i don't know if there's a difference with lightness in brightness. Because in GIMP software there is lightness and brightness. See the screenshot below. If there's another method to adjust lightness/brigthness saturation at the same time I would be happy to see it :).

Answer 1

Brightness is visual perception related with reflecting or radiating of lights of different frequencies. On the otherhand lightness is TONE which moves from Darkest color to lightest color of same color Gamma is nothing but an attribute to handle luminescence Means how bright should be the image be (it's more a mathematical calculation rather definition.

In non technical words we can say

Lightness seems to more affect the saturation of the photograph, whereas brightness seems to affect how vivid the colors look.

If you want to go in deep for the proof of concepts, please follow this http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0042698910004578