Is it possible to create index with Solr or Elastic on static files stored in HDFS without duplicating the information?
With Solr you can use the RAMDirectoryFactory, which holds the full index in memory, without writing any files: https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/solr/DataDir+and+DirectoryFactory+in+SolrConfig
A quick search suggests that Elasticsearch has the equivalent with store type = memory, but I have no experience with that.