I am currently analysing my page connections and I want to block some tracking scripts and other external URL calls in my network monitor inside Chrome's developer tools.
I quickly want to check how the page behaves without some libraries.
Chrome itself does not provide any functions like this and the famous blocking extensions only block URLs which the user enters manually into the navigation bar.
As pointed out by @calavera.info, @iman.Bahrampour, and @Asim K T this feature is now available in Chrome 59. You can select a URL or domain to block in the Network panel. See this release note and these Screenshots where the StackOverflow logo has been blocked from this page. @iman.Bahrampour also shares two extensions below that will also do this ("HTTP Request Blocker" and "Request Blocker").