I see there is a "Bluetooth Sharing" section under iOS 7/8's Privacy settings:
I have a couple questions about this:
Thank you for your time!
Apps that specify one of the two Bluetooth background modes (Central or peripheral) will appear in this list.
Details on acting as a Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral or central are contained in the Core Bluetooth Programming Guide
Bluetooth Low Energy can be used between any compatible device, including iOS and Android.