I have two project setup, both using the Scrum template. In one of them the sprint backlog board shows swim lanes/columns as I would expect:
In my other project (the one that matters, of course), it looks as if the columns from the Backlog Items have been merged with those of the Sprint Backlog items and displays with all of these columns:
The extra columns appear to be read-only in the board view and do nothing but make the board cumbersome to use. Have I changed a setting somewhere that affects this?
You probably have one team (or project) configured to have bugs on the backlog as requirements, and another team/project configured to have bugs on the backlog as tasks.
Bugs have a different set of states, so if you treat bugs as tasks, the board will show two sets of states: One for bugs, one for tasks.
This can be configured by going to your team's settings (click on the "gear" icon on the top right in VSO, then Overview tab, then choosing the team and looking at the settings).