c++user-controls
How to make movable character in maze with C++
So I have my maze printed out once the user presses 1 in order to launch the map and other variables. I have declared the player as a smiley face or set equal to 1. However, I would like to make this character movable throughout the maze but am having trouble doing so. I have created a player move as a space in order for it to move without overwriting other code. I was thinking of using a switch statement and detecting user input and then changing the X and Y positions based on that but I dont know how to put it in my mapCreation function. I was also wondering if you guys could help me generate the variables such as treasures at random locations throughout the map and if it is a wall or '|' then dont print. My treasures spawn but at the same location. Any input on any of my questions would really help! Thank you!
** Ignore the cases as they were just being used previously but now I dont have a use for them.
**UPDATE If anyone has a link somewhere that would help that would also be helpful! Thank you!
// Header Files
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>
using namespace std;
HANDLE console = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE); // For use of SetConsoleTextAttribute()
#define LEVEL_COUNT (2)
const char* maze[LEVEL_COUNT][12] =
{
{
"||||||||||||\n",
"| | |\n",
"| | |\n",
"| |||| |",
"| |",
"| |",
"|||||| |",
"| | |",
"| | | |",
"| | |",
"| | |",
"||||||||||||",
},
{
"||||||||||||",
"| | |",
"| ||||| |",
"| | |",
"| |",
"| ||||",
"| |",
"| | |",
"| | |",
"||||||| |",
"| |",
"||||||||||||",
},
};
// Function Prototypes
void titleScreen(); // Prints Title and instructions
void mapCreation( char arr[][12], int level);
void drawMap(char arr[][12]);
bool update(char arr[][12], int &level, int &lives, int &score);
void loadMap( char arr[][12], int level);
// Player Struct
struct Player{
int x;
int y;
char move;
};
// Main Program
int main ()
{
// initialize variables
int option;
char baseMap[12][12];
int level = 1;
int lives = 3;
int score = 0;
bool gameOver = false;
bool levelCompleted = false;
SetConsoleTextAttribute(console, 240); // change background to white
system("CLS");// clears screen in order to remove black background
titleScreen(); // Display Title
do // do-while loop starts
{
cin >> option; // take in input
if(option == 1) // temporary option to check for next screen
{
//Display Maze
system("CLS");// clears screen in order to remove black background
mapCreation( baseMap, 1 ); // Create map, this one is map 1
drawMap(baseMap); // iterate throup the map and print it out
// update(baseMap, level, lives, score);
}
if(option == 2)
{
//Display Maze
system("CLS");// clears screen in order to remove black background
mapCreation( baseMap, 2 ); // Create map, this one is map 1
drawMap(baseMap); // iterate throup the map and print it out
// update(baseMap, level, lives, score);
}
}
while( option !=1); // condition of do-while loop
system("pause"); // Pause for user, only temporary
return 0;
}
void titleScreen(){
cout << " Welcome to Treasure Hunter!\n\n";
cout << "In order to beat this game you must find the treasure\n";
cout << " that is located in the maze. You can move using the \n";
cout << " arrow keys or WASD.\n\n";
cout << " Warning! There are traps that will take life away as\n";
cout << " well as add life! However, they are hidden so be careful!\n ";
cout << " Goodluck and have fun!\n\n\n\n";
cout << " Press Ctrl+C to quit\n";
}
void mapCreation( char arr[12][12], int level )
{
int traps = 0;
int lives = 0;
int treasure = 0;
int x ;
int y ;
for(int i = 0; i < 12; i++)
{
for(int j = 0; j < 12; j++)
{
arr[i][j] = 0;
}
}
// load the map:
loadMap(arr,level);
switch (level)
{
case 1:
break;
case 2: // Level 2 Map
break;
}
}
void drawMap(char arr[12][12])
{
// Declare variables to be prtined out
Player player;
player.x = 1;
player.y = 1;
player.move = ' ';
int traps = 0;
int lives = 0;
int treasure = 0;
// Lives,Traps, and Treasure x and y positions
int Trap_Y,Trap_X,Lives_X,Lives_Y,Traps_X,Traps_Y;
// Randomly place variables
Trap_X = (rand() % 10);
Trap_Y = (rand() % 10);
Lives_X = (rand() % 12);
Lives_Y = (rand() % 12);
Traps_X = (rand() % 12);
Traps_Y = (rand() % 12);
for(int i = 0; i < 12; i++)
{
cout << endl; // print out new line
for(int j = 0; j < 12; j++ )
{
if(player.x == i && player.y == j)
arr[player.x][player.y] = 1;
// If variables are not equal to a wall character print it out
if(arr[Trap_X][Trap_Y] != '|' )
arr[Trap_X][Trap_Y] = 4; // treasure is 4
treasure++;
if(arr[Lives_X][Lives_Y] != '|')// traps are 2
arr[Lives_X][Lives_Y]= 2;
traps++;
if(arr[Traps_X][Traps_Y] != '|') // lives are 3
arr[Traps_X][Traps_Y]= 3;
lives++;
cout << arr[i][j];
}
}
cout << endl;
}
/*bool update(char arr[][12], int &level, int &lives, int &score)
{
bool levelCompleted = false;
bool gameOver = false;
}
*/
void loadMap( char arr[][12], int level)
{
if((level < 0) || (level >= LEVEL_COUNT))
return;
for(int i = 0; i < 12; i++)
{
const char* row = maze[level][i];
for(int j = 0; j < 12; j++)
{
if(row[j] == 0)
break; // end of string
if(row[j] == ' ')
arr[i][j] = 0; // set spaces to zero
else
arr[i][j] = row[j];
}
}
}
Solution
On windows, You can use ReadConsoleInput() to navigate with a keyboard in a windows console. This solution checks for collision using the statement if (maze[player.y][player.x-1]==0) . 0 means no wall, 1 means wall has been hit.
Here's an example of the usage of ReadConsoleInput().
#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#define VK_W 0x57
#define VK_S 0x53
#define VK_A 0x41
#define VK_D 0x44
struct t_player{ int x,y;};
t_player player;
char playersymbol=219;
char mazewall=0;
int mazex=31,mazey=8;
int maze[16][24] =
{{ 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
{ 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1},
{ 1,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1},
{ 1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1},
{ 1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1},
{ 1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1},
{ 1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1},
{ 1,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1},
{ 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1},
{ 1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,1},
{ 1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1},
{ 1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1},
{ 1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1},
{ 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1},
{ 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1},
{ 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1}
};
void clrscr();
void gotoxy(int x, int y);
void setcolor(WORD color);
void textColor(unsigned char fColor,unsigned char bColor);
void moveleft();
void moveright();
void moveup();
void movedown();
void drawmaze(int px,int py);
void putmenu();
void putplayer();
int main()
{
DWORD mode; /* Preserved console mode */
INPUT_RECORD event; /* Input event */
BOOL EXITGAME = FALSE; /* Program termination flag */
unsigned int counter = 0; /* The number of times 'Esc' is pressed */
/* Get the console input handle */
HANDLE hstdin = GetStdHandle( STD_INPUT_HANDLE );
/* Preserve the original console mode */
GetConsoleMode( hstdin, &mode );
/* Set to no line-buffering, no echo, no special-key-processing */
SetConsoleMode( hstdin, 0 );
player.x=20;
player.y=13;
clrscr();
setcolor(15);
while (!EXITGAME)
{
if (WaitForSingleObject( hstdin, 0 ) == WAIT_OBJECT_0) /* if kbhit */
{
DWORD count; /* ignored */
/* Get the input event */
ReadConsoleInput( hstdin, &event, 1, &count );
/* Only respond to key release events */
if ((event.EventType == KEY_EVENT)
&& !event.Event.KeyEvent.bKeyDown)
clrscr();
putmenu();
Sleep(100);
switch (event.Event.KeyEvent.wVirtualKeyCode)
{
case VK_ESCAPE:
EXITGAME = TRUE;
break;
case VK_LEFT:
// left key move player left
moveleft();
break;
case VK_RIGHT:
// right key move player right
moveright();
break;
case VK_UP:
// up key move player up
moveup();
break;
case VK_DOWN:
// down key move player down
movedown();
break;
case VK_A:
// left key move player left
moveleft();
break;
case VK_D:
// right key move player right
moveright();
break;
case VK_W:
// up key move player up
moveup();
break;
case VK_S:
// down key move player down
movedown();
break;
}//switch
putplayer();
}
}
gotoxy(1,23);cout<<" ";
SetConsoleMode( hstdin, mode );
return 0;
}
void putplayer()
{
setcolor(9);
gotoxy( player.x +mazex, player.y +mazey);
cout<<playersymbol;
setcolor(7);
}
void putmenu()
{
gotoxy(1,1);cout<<"keyboard navigator ";
setcolor(14);
gotoxy(31,1);cout<<"Use keys W,S, A,D, Left,Right,Up,Down ";
setcolor(7);
gotoxy(31,2);cout<<"W or up key = move player up ";
gotoxy(31,3);cout<<"S or down key = move player down ";
gotoxy(31,4);cout<<"A or left key = move player left ";
gotoxy(31,5);cout<<"D or right key = move player right ";
setcolor(11);
drawmaze(mazex,mazey);
setcolor(7);
}
void drawmaze(int px,int py)
{
for(int y =0; y<16;y++)
{
for(int x=0; x<24; x++)
{
if (maze[y][x]==1) mazewall=219;
else mazewall=32;
gotoxy(x+px,y+py);
cout<< mazewall;
}
}
}
void moveleft()
{
gotoxy(31,7);
cout<<"left key move player left \n\n";
if (maze[player.y][player.x-1]==0) player.x = player.x -1;
}
void moveright()
{
gotoxy(31,7);
cout<<"right key move player right \n\n";
if (maze[player.y][player.x+1]==0) player.x = player.x +1;
}
void moveup()
{
gotoxy(31,7);
cout<<"up key move player up \n\n";
if (maze[player.y-1][player.x]==0) player.y = player.y -1;
}
void movedown()
{
gotoxy(31,7);
cout<<"down key move player down \n\n";
if (maze[player.y+1][player.x]==0) player.y = player.y +1;
}
void gotoxy(int x, int y)
{
COORD coord;
coord.X = x; coord.Y = y;
SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), coord);
return;
}
void setcolor(WORD color)
{
SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE),color);
return;
}
void setForeGroundAndBackGroundColor(int ForeGroundColor,int BackGroundColor)
{
int color=16*BackGroundColor+ForeGroundColor;
setcolor(color);
}
void clrscr()
{
COORD coordScreen = { 0, 0 };
DWORD cCharsWritten;
CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO csbi;
DWORD dwConSize;
HANDLE hConsole = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(hConsole, &csbi);
dwConSize = csbi.dwSize.X * csbi.dwSize.Y;
FillConsoleOutputCharacter(hConsole, TEXT(' '), dwConSize, coordScreen, &cCharsWritten);
GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(hConsole, &csbi);
FillConsoleOutputAttribute(hConsole, csbi.wAttributes, dwConSize, coordScreen, &cCharsWritten);
SetConsoleCursorPosition(hConsole, coordScreen);
return;
}
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