In Brackets, is it possible to assign a keyboard shortcut to CTRL + LMB that selects the clicked word, just like Visual Studio does? I can't find anything in the documentation.
Overriding the click behavior would require writing an extension, but there are several built-in equivalents that might be good enough for you:
"highlightMatches": {"showToken": true}
to highlight all occurrences of any word you place your cursor on (no need to select it)