scenario: a modular app that loads .py modules on the fly as it works. programmer (me) wishes to edit the code of a module and then re-load it into the program without halting execution.
can this be done?
i have tried running import a second time on an updated module.py, but the changes are not picked up
While reload does reload a module, as the other answer mentions, you need quite a few precautions to make it work smoothly -- and for some things you might believe would work easily, you're in for quite a shock in terms of amount of work actually needed.
If you ever use the form from module import afunction, then you've almost ensured reload won't work: you must exclusively import modules, never functions, classes, etc, from inside modules, if you want to have any hope of reload doing something useful all all (otherwise you'd have to somehow chases all the bits and pieces imported here and there from the module, and rebind each and every one of them -- eep;-). Note that I prefer following this rule anyway, whether I plan to do any reloading or not, but, with reload, it's crucial.
The difficult problem is: if you have, alive anywhere, instances of classes that existed in the previous version of the module, reload per se will do absolutely nothing to upgrade those instances. That problem is a truly hard one; one of the longest, hardest recipes in the Python Cookbook (2nd edition) is all about how to code your modules to support such "reload that actually upgrades existing instances". This only matters if you program in OOP style, of course, but... any Python program complex enough to need "reload this plugin" functionality is very likely to have lots of OOP in it, so it's hardly a minor issue.
The docs for reload are pretty complete and do mention this issue, but give no hint how to solve it. This recipe by Michael Hudson, from the Python Cookbook online, is better, but it's only the start of what we evolved into the printed (2nd edition) -- recipe 20.15, the online version of that is here (incomplete unless you sign up for a free time-limited preview of O'Reilly's commercial online books service).