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c#.netlambdaexpression-trees

Foreach loop using Expression trees


I have seen this Issue while building dynamic Expression Tree and Expression/Statement trees and since I am new to expression trees I am still struggling to understand how to achieve what I want.

A contrived object is below

    public class TestObject
    {
        public TestObject()
        {
            ClassList = new List<Class>();
        }
        public int Age { get; set; }
        public List<Class> ClassList { get; set; } 
    }

    public class Class
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public int ClassId { get; set; }
    }

At run time I iterate through each of the properties and generate a Delegate which does a conversion to string of that property. I have got all that working. The issue I have to deal with now is that for the List type, I need to be able to apply a set of actions to each item in the ClassList property so I need a foreach which allows me to do that.

I currently have this

//type==TestObject at runtime
//propertyName == "ClassList"
   ParameterExpression recordExpression = Expression.Parameter(type, "record");

   memberExpression = MemberExpression.Property(recordExpression, propertyName);

   Type getEnumerableDelegateType =
                typeof(Func<,>).MakeGenericType(new Type[] { type, memberExpression.Type}); 

   var getList = Expression.Lambda(getEnumerableDelegateType, memberExpression, recordExpression);

GetList when compiled and invoked returns the List as expected. What I m struggling with is how to create an expression which will use the result from the lambda expression and iterate over it applying the set of actions I have already created for each Class item.

Ultimately I am looking for a lambda signature to match the overallAction signature below

   var getListFunc = new Func<TestObject, List<Class>>((TestObject obj1) => obj1.ClassList);

   Action<List<Class>> listAction = delegate(List<Class> data)
                {
                    foreach (var dataChannelWithUnitse in data)
                    {
                        //Apply generated delegate
                    }
                };

     Action<TestObject> overallAction = delegate(TestObject data)
                {
                    var x = getListFunc.Invoke(data);
                    listAction.Invoke(x as List<Class>);
                };

Any help is appreciated to help me understand how to do this.

I have currently got this which is exceptioning with variable 'Input' of type 'TestObject' referenced from scope '', but it is not defined

    var typeParam = Expression.Parameter(type, "Input");
    var listVariable = Expression.Variable(memberExpression.Type, "List");
    var enumerator = Expression.Variable(typeof(IEnumerator<>).MakeGenericType(dataType));


    var enumeratorType = typeof(IEnumerator<>).MakeGenericType(dataType);
    var enumerableType = typeof(IEnumerable<>).MakeGenericType(dataType);
    var enumerableParam = Expression.Parameter(enumerableType, "ExtractedCollection");

    var getEnumeratorFunc = Expression.Call(enumerableParam, enumerableType.GetMethod("GetEnumerator"));
    var getEnumeratorLambda = Expression.Lambda(getEnumeratorFunc, enumerableParam);

    var t1 = Expression.Assign(listVariable, Expression.Invoke(getListLambda, typeParam));
    var t2 = Expression.Assign(enumerator, Expression.Invoke(getEnumeratorLambda, listVariable));


    var @break = Expression.Label();

    var funcBlock = Expression.Block(
        new ParameterExpression[] { listVariable, enumerator},

   t1,
   t2,

    Expression.Loop(
        Expression.IfThenElse(

            Expression.NotEqual(Expression.Call(enumerator,typeof(IEnumerator).GetMethod("MoveNext")),Expression.Constant(false)),
                                Expression.Invoke(enumerableExpressions[0],Expression.Property(enumerator, "Current")),

                      Expression.Break(@break))
            , @break), typeParam);



    Expression<Action<TestObject>> lm = Expression.Lambda<Action<TestObject>>(funcBlock,recordExpression);
    var d = lm.Compile(); **//this is exceptioning with " variable 'Input' of type 'TestObject' referenced from scope '', but it is not defined**

Solution

  • I got lost somewhere in the middle of your question (and if I've interpreted it incorrectly, please tell me, and I'll dive back into it), but I think this is what you're after:

    public static Expression ForEach(Expression collection, ParameterExpression loopVar, Expression loopContent)
    {
        var elementType = loopVar.Type;
        var enumerableType = typeof(IEnumerable<>).MakeGenericType(elementType);
        var enumeratorType = typeof(IEnumerator<>).MakeGenericType(elementType);
    
        var enumeratorVar = Expression.Variable(enumeratorType, "enumerator");
        var getEnumeratorCall = Expression.Call(collection, enumerableType.GetMethod("GetEnumerator"));
        var enumeratorAssign = Expression.Assign(enumeratorVar, getEnumeratorCall);
    
        // The MoveNext method's actually on IEnumerator, not IEnumerator<T>
        var moveNextCall = Expression.Call(enumeratorVar, typeof(IEnumerator).GetMethod("MoveNext"));
    
        var breakLabel = Expression.Label("LoopBreak");
    
        var loop = Expression.Block(new[] { enumeratorVar },
            enumeratorAssign,
            Expression.Loop(
                Expression.IfThenElse(
                    Expression.Equal(moveNextCall, Expression.Constant(true)),
                    Expression.Block(new[] { loopVar },
                        Expression.Assign(loopVar, Expression.Property(enumeratorVar, "Current")),
                        loopContent
                    ),
                    Expression.Break(breakLabel)
                ),
            breakLabel)
        );
    
        return loop;
    }
    

    To use it, you need to supply a collection to iterate over, an expression to substitute into the body of the loop, and a ParameterExpression which is used by the loop body expression, which will be assigned to the loop variable on each loop iteration.

    I think sometimes examples speak louder than words...

    var collection = Expression.Parameter(typeof(List<string>), "collection");
    var loopVar = Expression.Parameter(typeof(string), "loopVar");
    var loopBody = Expression.Call(typeof(Console).GetMethod("WriteLine", new[] { typeof(string) }), loopVar);
    var loop = ForEach(collection, loopVar, loopBody);
    var compiled = Expression.Lambda<Action<List<string>>>(loop, collection).Compile();
    compiled(new List<string>() { "a", "b", "c" });
    

    EDIT: As Jeroem Mostert correctly points out in the comments, this doesn't quite mirror the "real" behaviour of a foreach loop: this would make sure that it disposes the enumerator. (It would also create a new instance of the loop variable for each iteration, but that doesn't make sense with expressions). Implementing this is just a matter of turning the handle if you feel motivated enough!


    For anyone watching at home, I've got a similar method for generating 'for' loops:

    public static Expression For(ParameterExpression loopVar, Expression initValue, Expression condition, Expression increment, Expression loopContent)
    {
        var initAssign = Expression.Assign(loopVar, initValue);
    
        var breakLabel = Expression.Label("LoopBreak");
    
        var loop = Expression.Block(new[] { loopVar },
            initAssign,
            Expression.Loop(
                Expression.IfThenElse(
                    condition,
                    Expression.Block(
                        loopContent,
                        increment
                    ),
                    Expression.Break(breakLabel)
                ),
            breakLabel)
        );
    
        return loop;
    }
    

    This is equivalent to the following statement, where the pseudo-variables match the Expressions in the method above:

    for (loopVar = initValue; condition; increment)
    {
        loopContent
    }
    

    Again, loopContent, condition, and increment are Expressions which uses loopVar, and loopVar is assigned on every iteration.