What is the meaning of "dot parenthesis" syntax?

Question

I am studying a sample Go application that stores data in mongodb. The code at this line (https://github.com/zeebo/gostbook/blob/master/context.go#L36) seems to access a user ID stored in a gorilla session:

if uid, ok := sess.Values["user"].(bson.ObjectId); ok {
  ...
}

Would someone please explain to me the syntax here? I understand that sess.Values["user"] gets a value from the session, but what is the part that follows? Why is the expression after the dot in parentheses? Is this a function invocation?

Answer 1

sess.Values["user"] is an interface{}, and what is between parenthesis is called a type assertion. It checks that the value of sess.Values["user"] is of type bson.ObjectId. If it is, then ok will be true. Otherwise, it will be false.

For instance:

var i interface{}
i = int(42)

a, ok := i.(int)
// a == 42 and ok == true

b, ok := i.(string)
// b == "" (default value) and ok == false